Etiology of Obesity Over the Life Span: Ecological and Genetic Highlights from Asian Countries

Chong, Pei Nee; Teh, Christinal Pey Wen; Poh, Bee Koon; Noor, Mohd Ismail

doi:10.1007/s13679-013-0088-1

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…This result was consistent with previous studies that revealed A19G and G2548A were not associated with obesity related variables that evaluated, including WC, BF and metabolic parameters (Constantin et al 2010;Franek et al 2010). The complex pathogenesis of obesity was hypothesized that might involve the interaction between genetics, hormonal, environmental and lifestyles (Alfredo et al 2007;Chong et al 2014;Khor 2012;Paracchini 2005). Therefore, the prevention and management of obesity and its comorbidities are particularly challenging due to multifactorial of obesity development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Leptin Gene Variants on Obesity and Its Attributes in Malay Population

Taib¹

2018

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Leptin is a hormone that regulates the energy intake and expenditure which is encoded by leptin gene. Leptin gene variants were studied comprehensively in relation with body weight status, but the evidences were indecisive. This study was to determine the association between leptin gene variants, G2548A, H1328080 and A19G with obesity and its attributes in Terengganu, Malaysian population. This study involved a total of 249 Malay subjects (101 healthy adults with normal BMI as the control group and 148 overweight and obese subjects). The anthropometrics data were obtained, blood samples were collected for genetic markers and lipid profile analyses. PCR-RFLP technique was performed to determine the genotype and allele distribution of leptin gene variants. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of leptin gene variants presented no significant difference between groups, G2548A (P = 0.93 and 0.74); H1328080 (P = 0.58 and 0.56); and A19G (P = 0.72 and 0.38) correspondingly. However, there was statistical significant difference between triglyceride level and genotypes of G2548A variant (P = 0.016); between total cholesterol level and H1328080 genotypes (P = 0.027). In addition, multivariate logistic regression projected the male gender (adjusted OR= 26.27; CI= 1.06-1.25; P = 0.009), waist circumference (adjusted OR = 1.15; CI = 1.06-1.25; P = 0.001) and body fat percentage (adjusted OR = 1.43; CI = 1.20-1.70; P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for obesity. The data suggest G2548A, H1328080 and A19G variants were not associated with obesity. However, waist circumference and body fat percentage may increase risk for obesity in Malay population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Leptin Gene Variants on Obesity and Its Attributes in Malay Population

Taib¹

2018

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“…An early predisposition to accumulate excess fat has been linked with genetic and epigenetic factors, as well as features of the early food environment (Rhee et al, 2012, Chong et al, 2014, Gluckman and Hanson, 2008, McAllister et al, 2009, Lin et al, 2017). It has been previously proposed that a pathway between genetic factors and future obesity risk is mediated by appetitive traits and eating behaviours that promote greater energy intakes, in what has been referred to as the ‘behavioural susceptibility theory of obesity’ (Llewellyn and Wardle, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral processing behaviours that promote children's energy intake are associated with parent-reported appetitive traits: Results from the GUSTO cohort

et al. 2018

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Oral processing behaviours associated with faster eating rates have been consistently linked to increased energy intakes, but little is known about their links to children's appetitive traits. This study used the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) to explore cross-sectional and prospective associations between parent-reported appetitive traits and observed oral processing behaviours. Participants were 195 children from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort, who participated in a video-recorded ad libitum lunch at 4.5 (Time 1) and 6 years (Time 2). Their mothers completed the CEBQ around the same time points. Children's bites, chews and swallows were coded, and used to calculate their eating rate, bite size, chews per bite, chew rate, oral exposure time and oral exposure per bite. At Time 1, children with higher scores in slowness in eating had lower eating and chew rates. At Time 2, higher scores for food enjoyment and lower for satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, and food fussiness were linked with higher eating rates and greater energy intakes (r > 0.16, p < 0.05). Post-hoc analyses revealed that these associations were moderated by BMI and only present among children with higher BMI. Faster eating rates mediated the associations between greater food enjoyment, lower slowness in eating, lower food fussiness and higher intakes of energy. Children with higher slowness in eating scores had lower increases in eating rates over time, and children with higher BMI who had greater food enjoyment and food responsiveness scores had greater increases in eating rates over time. The findings suggest that oral processing behaviours linked with increased obesity risk may be underpinned by appetitive traits and may be one of the behavioural pathways through which these appetitive traits influence energy intakes.

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“…Restricting unhealthy food marketing to children has been identified as a cost-effective strategy for reducing the prevalence of childhood obesity (Magnus et al, 2009;Swinburn et al, 2004). Epidemiological evidence indicates that while the prevalence of overweight and obesity is lower in many developing countries across the Asia Pacific region, the rate of increase in prevalence in the previous few decades is much higher than that of developed countries (Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration, 2007;Chong et al, 2014). Yet few LMIC (and indeed developed countries) have regulations to limit children's exposure to this form of marketing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's exposure to food advertising on free-to-air television: an Asia-Pacific perspective

Kelly

Hebden

King

et al. 2014

Health Promot. Int.

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There is an established link between food promotions and children's food purchase and consumption. Children in developing countries may be more vulnerable to food promotions given the relative novelty of advertising in these markets. This study aimed to determine the scope of television food advertising to children across the Asia-Pacific to inform policies to restrict this marketing. Six sites were sampled, including from China, Indonesia, Malaysia and South Korea. At each site, 192 h of television were recorded (4 days, 16 h/day, three channels) from May to October 2012. Advertised foods were categorized as core/healthy, non-core/unhealthy or miscellaneous, and by product type. Twenty-seven percent of advertisements were for food/beverages, and the most frequently advertised product was sugar-sweetened drinks. Rates of non-core food advertising were highest during viewing times most popular with children, when between 3 (South Korea) and 15 (Indonesia) non-core food advertisements were broadcast each hour. Children in the Asia-Pacific are exposed to high volumes of unhealthy food/beverage television advertising. Different policy arrangements for food advertising are likely to contribute to regional variations in advertising patterns. Cities with the lowest advertising rates can be identified as exemplars of good policy practice.

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Etiology of Obesity Over the Life Span: Ecological and Genetic Highlights from Asian Countries

Cited by 9 publications

References 130 publications

Effects of Leptin Gene Variants on Obesity and Its Attributes in Malay Population

Effects of Leptin Gene Variants on Obesity and Its Attributes in Malay Population

Oral processing behaviours that promote children's energy intake are associated with parent-reported appetitive traits: Results from the GUSTO cohort

Children's exposure to food advertising on free-to-air television: an Asia-Pacific perspective

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