Etiology of Insulin Resistance in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes

Cree-Green, Melanie; Triolo, Taylor M.; Nadeau, Kristen J.

doi:10.1007/s11892-012-0341-0

Cited by 57 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…35 It has also been reported that in obese children, pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion may be unable to respond to the increased demands imposed by puberty, resulting in inadequate regulation of blood glucose levels. 36 We here suggest that this dysregulation may be augmented in children with the combined condition of central obesity and suboptimal-25(OH)D status. These 7 4 This work does not include data for the full sample of the primary (GOCS) study.…”

Section: Combined Effects Of Obesity and Suboptimal-25(oh)d On Ir At mentioning

confidence: 65%

Prepubertal Adiposity, Vitamin D Status, and Insulin Resistance

Cediel¹,

Romaña²,

Mericq

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the following from prepuberty to the puberty-onset: (1) changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25[OH]D), adiposity, and insulin resistance (IR); (2) the effect of prepubertal adiposity on serum 25(OH)D changes; and (3) the combined effect of prepubertal obesity and suboptimal-25(OH)D on IR at puberty-onset. METHODS:A total of 426 prepubertal children (∼54% girls) were followed during pubertalonset assessing before and after puberty-onset serum 25(OH)D, adiposity (BMI and waist circumference) and IR indicators (homeostasis-model-assessment of IR [HOMA-IR]). Associations were tested using multiple and logistic regression models adjusted by age, gender, and seasonality. CONCLUSIONS:We found that serum 25(OH)D declined with puberty-onset, likely because of adiposity increase. Moreover, children with the combined condition of central-obesity and suboptimal-25(OH)D before puberty-onset had higher pubertal IR. These results highlight the need of ensuring adequate-25(OH)D status before pubertal-onset, particularly in obese children.

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Section: Combined Effects Of Obesity and Suboptimal-25(oh)d On Ir At mentioning

confidence: 65%

Prepubertal Adiposity, Vitamin D Status, and Insulin Resistance

Cediel¹,

Romaña²,

Mericq

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

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“…Adolescents with T2DM have impaired exercise capacity even when compared to obese controls without diabetes (23). Insulin resistance in T2DM has been thought to be related to a combination of excess lipid production and mitochondrial dysfunction (24,25). Obesity is associated with the presence of increased free © Translational Pediatrics.…”

Section: Physiology In Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiology In Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessive free fatty acid production also leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species, which affects mitochondrial function (24). The presence of reactive oxygen species also effects adequate insulin secretion from the beta-cells from the pancreas (24). Regular physical activity leads to an overall improvement in insulin sensitivity with a reduction in baseline insulin levels (26).…”

Section: Physiology In Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: engaging in physical activity

Nadella¹,

Indyk²,

Kamboj³

2017

Transl. Pediatr.

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Regular physical activity is an important component in the management of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM), as it has the potential to improve glycemic control, delay cardiovascular complications, and increase overall well-being. Unfortunately, many children and adolescents with diabetes do not partake in regular exercise and physical activity for multiple reasons. This review identifies the barriers to participation from the aspect of the patient, caregiver, and the healthcare provider.The management of physical activity of children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus is unique and requires an understanding of exercise physiology and how it differs in these children and adolescents from those without the condition. These individuals are at risk for important and potentially life threatening complications including, but not limited to, severe or delayed nocturnal hypoglycemia. It is essential to identify these risks as well as, monitor and manage adjustments to carbohydrate intake and insulin dosing through basal-bolus regimen or insulin pump adjustments appropriately before, during, and after the exercise activity. This review discusses these issues and also outlines differences in management between patients with T1DM and T2DM.

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“…While the pathophysiology of T2D in adolescents is similar to that of adults with insufficient insulin production from pancreatic beta-cells and insulin resistance, the comorbidities in young diabetes may be more aggressive than in adults [20]. Serious comorbidities are also seen earlier in the patient's life because of the longer duration of the T2D and uncontrolled blood glucose [21].…”

Section: Effects Of Comorbid Depression On T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Depression in Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Magrini

Wright

2017

PLAID

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Over the past 30 years, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to rise in the pediatric and adolescent population. The increased rates of depression in children with type 1 diabetes have long been established in literature. However, the association of type 2 diabetes and depression has only recently been acknowledged. The purpose of this article is to: 1) review the current literature to examine the incidence of depression and type 2 diabetes in adolescents, and 2) suggest approaches to identify and care for these patients.

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Etiology of Insulin Resistance in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 57 publications

References 79 publications

Prepubertal Adiposity, Vitamin D Status, and Insulin Resistance

Prepubertal Adiposity, Vitamin D Status, and Insulin Resistance

Management of diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: engaging in physical activity

Management of Depression in Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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