Etiology of Endogenous Psychoses

Leonhard, Karl; Beckmann, H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6371-9_9

Cited by 27 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…We found an overlap with Leonhard's system of schizophrenias [10] . He described cycloid and unsystematic schizophrenias as having a periodic and bipolar course pattern in most cases, while systematic schizophrenias show a progressive symptomatology.…”

Section: Impact Of a System-specific Typologymentioning

confidence: 67%

“…According to the concept of Huber [7,8,9] , 20 patients were in full remission, 27 showed uncharacteristic residues, and 53 showed characteristic residues. Finally, according to Leonhard's classification [10] , 52 of the cases were unsystematic schizophrenias, 28 systematic schizophrenias, and 20 cycloid psychoses ( tables 2 , 3 ).…”

Section: Association With Traditional Course Typologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the concepts of Gerd Huber [7,8,9] , we divided outcome into (i) full remission, (ii) uncharacteristic residues, and (iii) characteristic residues. Finally, we classified all cases according to Karl Leonhard [10] as (i) cycloid psychoses, (ii) unsystematic schizophrenias, or (iii) systematic schizophrenias. Two psychiatrists (M.E.W.…”

Section: Retrospective Course Typologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such course typologies have been unable to predict treatment outcome and have not been supported by robust data from the neurobiological field, although some of them have been explicitly proposed with that aim [10,11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychopathological Course Typology in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Heuristic Approach in a Sample of 100 Patients

Wigand

Lang²,

Becker³

et al. 2016

Psychopathology

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Background: Despite several previous attempts at subtyping schizophrenia, a typology that reflects neurobiological knowledge and reliably predicts course and outcome is lacking. We applied the system-specific concept of the Bern Psychopathology Scale (BPS) to generate a course typology based on three domains: language, affectivity, and motor behaviour. Sampling and Methods: A cohort of 100 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders according to DSM-IV criteria underwent psychopathological assessment, and all their available medical records were retrospectively analysed on the basis of the BPS. Results: Overall, 39% of the patients showed dominant abnormalities in only one domain, 37% in two domains, and 24% in all three domains. The motor domain was affected in the majority of patients (76%), followed by affectivity (63%) and language (46%). Eighty-six percent of patients showed a bipolar course pattern in at least one domain. Conclusions: In a retrospective analysis of 100 patient records we described system-specific course patterns of schizophrenia by using a neurobiologically informed psychopathological assessment. The results showed a surprisingly high proportion of bipolar courses and a pattern of pure and mixed subtypes, which speaks for an overlap of domains with regards to psychopathological symptoms. A limitation of this heuristic and retrospective approach is that it was largely based on clinical judgement. Prospective studies with more rigorous threshold definitions are needed to clarify the neurobiological and clinical implications of the proposed reorganization of psychotic disorders.

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Section: Impact Of a System-specific Typologymentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Association With Traditional Course Typologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retrospective Course Typologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Psychopathological Course Typology in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Heuristic Approach in a Sample of 100 Patients

Wigand

Lang²,

Becker³

et al. 2016

Psychopathology

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“…[11][12][13] In an attempt to reduce genetic heterogeneity, Stober and coworkers restricted a genome wide linkage study to detect schizophrenia susceptibility loci to 12 German families ascertained through a proband who met criteria for periodic catatonia as defined by Leonhard. 11,14 Evidence for linkage was obtained in these pedigrees (average 4.8 affected individuals per pedigree) for chromosome 15q15 at D15S1012 (nonparametric LOD score (NPL) = 3.57, P = 2.6 × 10 −5 ) and chromosome 22q13 at D22S1169 (NPL = 1.85; P = 1.8 × 10 −3 ). The majority of the evidence for linkage to the 22q13 region came from one extended large pedigree with seven affected subjects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

No missense mutation of WKL1 in a subgroup of probands with schizophrenia

et al. 2002

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Recently, a Leu309Met mutation in WKL1 (MLC1, KIAA0027), a gene mapped to chromosome 22q13.33, was reported to co-segregate with periodic catatonia, a clinical sub-type of schizophrenia, in seven members of an extended pedigree. 1 WKL1 encodes a putative membrane protein expressed exclusively in the brain, particularly in the amygdala, nucleus caudatus, thalamus, and hippocampus. 1 We screened WKL1 for etiologic mutations in 28 probands from the United States who were given a consensus diagnosis of schizophrenia and met at least one of these criteria: (1) were from multiplex schizophrenia families where at least two schizophrenic subjects were reported to display catatonic behavior at sometime during the course of their illness; or (2) were from multiplex schizophrenia families where, in a genome scan for schizophrenia susceptibility loci, evidence for excess allele sharing among affected family members for markers in the 22q13 region was seen. In addition, 15 affected subjects from 15 German pedigrees were similarly screened for causative mutations. This German cohort exhibited the catatonia phenotype but had ambiguous linkage to 22q13 and included the mutation-positive proband as a positive control. The 43 probands were screened for base changes in WKL1: 15 SNPs in the non-coding regions of the gene, three SNPs in the 3ЈUTR, four synonymous coding SNPs and two non-synonymous (amino acid changing) SNPs were identified. We were able to rapidly confirm the Leu309-Met nucleotide change in the positive control. No missense mutations were detected in any of the other 42 probands studied. These data exclude the role of WKL1 in schizophrenia susceptibility in the subjects studied. Schizophrenia is a common complex disorder that affects approximately 1% of the world's population. 2 Linkage studies have provided evidence for the involvement of many chromosomal regions including: 1q21

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Nonaffective Acute Psychoses: Uncertainties on the Way to DSM-V and ICD-11

Nugent

Paksarian

Mojtabai

2011

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Since the early 20th century, a group of non-affective psychoses with acute onset and brief duration have been described in different countries and under various names, including cycloid psychosis, bouffée délirante, and reactive psychosis. These psychoses share a number of characteristics, including benign course, greater prevalence in women than men and in developing countries than industrialized countries, and high prevalence of premorbid psychological and physiological stressors. However, the variations in names and minute details of symptomatology have overshadowed the basic similarities across these various descriptions. Confusion in classification persists in the two contemporary diagnostic systems, the DSM-IV and the ICD-10. We believe that most cases of these psychoses could be captured under a broad, unified category of non-affective psychosis with acute onset and brief duration, and urge the authors of the upcoming revisions of the DSM and ICD to create such a category. A unified diagnostic category for these disorders would reduce unnecessary fragmentation in the diagnostic systems and assist in the progress of research on these rare conditions.

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Etiology of Endogenous Psychoses

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Psychopathological Course Typology in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Heuristic Approach in a Sample of 100 Patients

Psychopathological Course Typology in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Heuristic Approach in a Sample of 100 Patients

No missense mutation of WKL1 in a subgroup of probands with schizophrenia

Nonaffective Acute Psychoses: Uncertainties on the Way to DSM-V and ICD-11

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