Etiology of childhood diarrhea in Beijing, China

Kain, Kevin C.; Barteluk, Roberta L.; Kelly, Michael T.; He, Xiaoqing; Hua, Guanguan; Ge, Yang; Proctor, E. M.; Byrne, Seán; Stiver, H Grant

doi:10.1128/jcm.29.1.90-95.1991

Cited by 72 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Diarrhoea1 diseases continue to be a global health problem among young children in developing nations (11). Facilities and resources for the isolation and determination of causative agents of diarrhoea are essential for a developing country (1,4,27,54,55), which may contribute to a better surveillance and early recognition of diarrhoeal infections. In our study the total isolation rate of enteropathogens was 73.4% ; 53.5% were of bacterial origin and 19.9% of viral origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: VIII. Microbiology

et al. 1993

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The causative agents of acute diarrhoea were investigated in children under the age of five years from 1985-1991 in three socio-economically different areas in Lahore, Pakistan. The aim was to determine the frequencies of the most common enteropathogens in faeces. The total isolation rate was 73.4%; two thirds (53.5%) were of bacterial and one third (19.9%) of viral origin. ETEC-LT (23.4%), Rota virus (19.9%), EPEC (15%) and Campylobacter (12%) were the single most frequent pathogens in all age groups and areas of living. The positivity of Campylobacter increased from 1.6% to 12% after the change of isolation technique. Shigella was isolated significantly (p > 0.001) more in children over than under one year of age. The incidence of bacterial infections was high during all seasons, while in certain years Rota virus was relatively low in the summer compared to the cooler months. The prevalence of ETEC-LT diarrhoea was higher in the periurban slum as compared to the village and the urban slum. The study is the first of its kind in Pakistan, and the results are similar to other comparable studies. It is thus possible to establish a well functioning and reliable microbiological laboratory in developing countries in a setting with restricted trained personnel and material resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute diarrhoea is one of the major causes of high mortality and morbidity in children in most developing countries (1)(2)(3)(4). The etiology of diarrhoea is variable according to geographic and climatic conditions, nutritional and socio-economic status (5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: VIII. Microbiology

et al. 1993

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“…Among them, the positive rate for ETEC was the highest (19.8%). SLT1, SLT2 and EAggEC probes were not included in their report (13). In this study, 54 of the 172 (31.4%) of the strains were INV and SLT probe-positive.…”

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Of the 172 strains, 2 were EHEC and SLT2 probe-positive, which could not be typable with the 0157 : H7 antiserum (16). E. coli 0157 : H7 strains had been isolated from adults and children in China (13,30). Of the 172 strains, 2 (3.5%) were eae probe-positive, which could not be identified as EPEC by the serological diagnosis kits.…”

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence Patterns and DNA Probe Types of Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheal Patients in China

Xu¹,

Cheng²,

Wu³

et al. 1996

Microbiology and Immunology

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One hundred and seventy-two strains of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheal patients in Beijing, P. R. China, were analyzed for plasmid DNA profile, HEp-2 cell adherence ability and reactivity to 10 previously described DNA probes. They had not been recognized as pathogenic E. coli in China. Of the 110 strains tested, 76 (69%) contained one or multiple large plasmids. Of the 71 strains with the large plasmids 64 could adhere to HEp-2 cells. Of the 172 strains, 102 (59.3%) were hybridized with at least one of the 10 probes. Of those, seven strains hybridized with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC) probe. Their serotypes were O128 (two strains), 06 (one strain), and 0111 (one strain). Three strains were untypable. Six and three strains were hybridized with enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) attaching and effacing genes (eae) or EPEC adherence factor (EAF) probe, respectively. Two non-O157 : H7 strains hybridized with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) probe. Seventy-two strains (41.9%) hybridized with shiga-like toxin 2 or 1 (SLT2 or SLT1) probes. Among the SLT1 or SLT2 probe-positive strains, 54 hybridized with invasive (INV) plasmid probe developed for identification of enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and Shigella species. The INV and SLT probe-positive strains might represent a new variety of verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC).

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“…Salmonellae, shigellae, Clostridia , Vibrio cholerae , and Staphylococcus aureus comprised the important enteric pathogens for many years. Recently, advanced laboratory methods have facilitated the detection of many newly recognised enteropathogens as aetiologic agents for diarrhoea [8], among these, Yersinia enterocolitica [8], Campylobacter jejuni and certain strains of Escherichia coli [8, 9]. The development of sensitive and specific DNA probes as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques for the detection of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) [10], enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) [11], enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) [12]and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) [13]has facilitated the examination of large numbers of stool specimens for these agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-seasonal viral and bacterial episode of diarrhoea in the Jordan Valley, West of Jordan

Meqdam

Youssef

Rawashdeh

et al. 1997

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol

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A non‐seasonal diarrhoeal episode in the Jordan Valley occurred over a 2‐month period, during which no traditional enteropathogens were detected by the health authority laboratories. A total of 17 diarrhoeal stool specimens from infants, young children and adults were randomly collected and delivered to our laboratories to investigate the presence of unusual aetiological agents. Stools were examined for parasites, ova, viruses and cultured for bacterial pathogens. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction was developed to investigate the involvement of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in this episode. Recognised pathogenic organisms were detected in 8 out of 17 of the diarrhoeatic patients, one patient of whom had a mixed infection with two agents. Rotavirus, enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were found to be associated with the diarrhoea. EIEC was the most common enteropathogen detected (4 out of 17) followed by rotavirus (3 out of 17). One of the EIEC isolates detected in one patient was associated with rotavirus. The clinical features of the diarrhoeatic patients were remarkably similar, regardless of aetiology. This study reveals the identity of pathogenic agents that are not detected by traditional methods employed by the health authority laboratories, which emphasise the urgent need for developing the current diagnostic techniques.

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Etiology of childhood diarrhea in Beijing, China

Cited by 72 publications

References 25 publications

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: VIII. Microbiology

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: VIII. Microbiology

Adherence Patterns and DNA Probe Types of Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheal Patients in China

Non-seasonal viral and bacterial episode of diarrhoea in the Jordan Valley, West of Jordan

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