Etiological profile of bacterial meningitis in a small hospital

Elias, Maria Lucia C.; Junior, Almeida; Câmara, Athaíde A.

doi:10.2223/jped.411

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…There are many factors that the literature described as inadequate, such as inadequate collect and storage of materials sent to make exam and early detection and diagnosis of meningitis when the number of bacteria is still small in the liquor [21]. In addition, specialized laboratory tests to detect meningitis or sepsis tend to have an elevated cost and are not available for the sample in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of newborn bacterial meningitis and sepsis during the pregnancy period for public health care system participants in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Silva¹,

Cavalheiro²,

Queirós³

et al. 2007

Braz J Infect Dis

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Bacterial meningitis is still a major public health threat inside developing countries. In Brazil, the Department of Public Health estimates that the prevalence of bacterial meningitis is 22 cases per 100,000 persons. During the neonatal period, the bacterial meningitis develops special characteristics that can result in hearing problems and movement loss due to neurological and psychological damages. This study had the aim to analyze the prevalence of bacterial meningitis and sepsis in newborns during the pregnancy period for those using the public health care system in Salvador-Bahia. One of the goal was to describe the risk factors of bacterial meningitis and sepsis in newborns. A second goal was to identify, based on newborn health records, the difficulties to predict issues with the hearing, neurological and psychological problems. This study has a cross-sectional design. The newborns that were included in this study had bacterial meningitis or sepsis within 0-28 days of life. They were admitted in the maternity wards between June-December 2005 at the newborn intensive unit care. We analyzed 72 reports of newborns and only 11 (17%) were bacterial meningitis or sepsis newborn cases. These cases were associated to high intake of ototoxic drugs that can cause oto and nephrotoxicity, and cause serious sequels on the child development. Nervous system infection is one of the 2 major problems in clinical practice, especially during the first month after birth. During this first month, the nervous system infection develops special characteristics, which are different from regular symptoms and it requires treatment due to the increased risk to develop complications. It is strongly recommended to monitor ototoxic drugs use to prevent effects on the hearing system. Key-Words: Newborn meningitis, sepsis, prevalence, prediction, complications.The neonatal meningitis is an illness characterized as a result of infection and inflammation of the meninges and it typically happens between birth and the first 28 days of life [1].The bacterial infection is more common during the first month after birth compared to other stages of newborns. It has an incidence that varies from 0.22 to 2.66/1,000 newborns in different countries and it tends to be more common in developing countries [2].During the neonatal period, the illness has special characteristics. The etiology, the clinical symptoms and the mortality appear to be different from the observed in older children [3].The mortality varies based on the treatment, with survival rates of 17% to 29% and with complications rate of 15% to 68%. Among the predictive factors for determining the diagnosis of this condition are the premature birth, newborn weight, type of bacteria, predisposition for the microbial germ, the length of the treatment and complications [4].Although there have been medical advances of medicines and preventive medicine, the incidence of newborn bacterial meningitis for the last 30 years has been barely affected. This minor change in the incidence can be linked po...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of newborn bacterial meningitis and sepsis during the pregnancy period for public health care system participants in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Silva¹,

Cavalheiro²,

Queirós³

et al. 2007

Braz J Infect Dis

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Meningite neofatal: aspectos associados

Haussen

Brandalise

Praetzel

et al. 2005

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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RESUMO -Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e analisar fatores relacionados à meningite n e o n a t a l . Método: Em estudo de caso-controle, foram examinados neonatos com meningite no período de agosto/2002 a dezembro/2003 na Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal (UTIN) e alocados re c é mnascidos hígidos como grupo controle (GC). Foram relatados dados re f e rentes à gestação, ao parto e ao neonato. Os resultados foram considerados significativos quando p (alfa)< 0,05. Resultados: F o r a m examinados 42 neonatos com meningite e 42 controles. A média numérica de consultas durante o pré-natal foi menor no grupo meningite (GM). As interc o rrências mais comuns detectadas nas gestações, em ambos os grupos, foram o uso de substâncias de abuso, infecções, pré-eclâmpsia, diabetes melitus gestacional e infecções do trato urinário. O sofrimento fetal e a utilização de cuidados respiratórios foram associados à meningite. O GM apresentou médias menores de peso e de índice de APGAR em relação ao GC. A p revalência de prematuridade e de neonatos pequenos para a idade gestacional foi significativamente maior no GM. O exame neurológico foi alterado em apenas 35,7% dos casos de meningite. C o n c l u s ã o : Em nosso meio, a associação de fatores de risco relacionados à gestação, ao parto e próprios do neonato com o desfecho de meningite neonatal não diferiu da literatura. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: meningite neonatal, fatores de risco.Neonatal meningitis: related features ABSTRACT -Objective: The goal of this study was to identify and to analyze the features related to the o c c u rrence of neonatal meningitis. Method: In a case-control study we examined all newborns pre s e n t i n g meningitis between August/2002 and December/2003 in the neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Healthy newborn s w e re enrolled as a Control Group (CG). Data related to pre g n a n c y, labor and the neonate itself were collected. The results with p<0,05 were considered significant. Results: 42 newborns with meningitis were c o m p a red to 42 controls. The meningitis group (MG) presented a lower number of medical visits during the prenatal care. The most common abnormalities detected in both groups were: drug addiction, congenital infections, preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infections. Fetal re s p i r a t o ry d i s t ress and the use of re s p i r a t o ry support were related to the occurrence of meningitis. The average weight and the APGAR scores were lower in the MG. The prevalence of premature and small for the gestational age infants was significantly higher in the MG. The neurological examination detected abnormalities in 35.7% of the meningitis cases. Conclusion: The association of risk factors related to pre g n a n c y, labor and the newborn itself to the neonatal meningitis outcome in our setting is similar to the described in the literature.

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Etiological profile of bacterial meningitis in a small hospital

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence of newborn bacterial meningitis and sepsis during the pregnancy period for public health care system participants in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Prevalence of newborn bacterial meningitis and sepsis during the pregnancy period for public health care system participants in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Meningite neofatal: aspectos associados

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