Etiological and Clinical Spectrum of Pancytopenia Based on Bone Marrow Examination

Biswas, Prodip Kumar; Sardar, Md Hafiz; Saha, Gopal Chandra; Hossain, Shabbir; Kabir, Akm Humayon; Chowdhury, Mostofa Kamal; Paul, Tushit

doi:10.3329/jom.v20i2.42005

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(5 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In India, numerous studies have highlighted megaloblastic anaemia and aplastic anaemia as the commonly encountered causes of pancytopenia. 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 Studies from neighbouring countries, including Pakistan, 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 Bangladesh 21 , 22 and Nepal, 23 , 24 , 25 show similar findings. Climate also affects the aetiology of pancytopenia by affecting disease transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aetiology of pancytopenia: Experience of a South African tertiary academic centre

Nell

Chapanduka

2022

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pancytopenia is a manifestation of numerous disease entities. The causes of pancytopenia differ with geographic region, socio-economic factors and HIV prevalence. Awareness of the common causes of pancytopenia may aid timely diagnosis.Objective: This study aimed to determine the aetiology of pancytopenia in a South African population.Methods: A retrospective observational study of adult patients presenting with pancytopenia at Tygerberg Academic Hospital, South Africa, from January 2016 to December 2017 was performed. Data on pancytopenia cases were obtained from the laboratory information system and utilised to determine the causes of pancytopenia.Results: A total of 673 cases of pancytopenia were identified. The most common causes of pancytopenia were chemoradiation therapy (25%), sepsis (18%), haematological malignancy (9%), advanced HIV (7%), and megaloblastic anaemia (6%). The diagnostic yield of bone marrow examinations (BME) was 57% (n = 52/91). The aetiology of pancytopenia differed according to age, with malignancy being a more common cause of pancytopenia among the elderly.Conclusion: Several easily recognisable and treatable conditions can manifest as pancytopenia. Prompt management of such conditions, notably sepsis and megaloblastic anaemia, can result in the resolution of the cytopenias and negate the need for a BME. However, haematological malignancy and unexplained pancytopenia strongly rely on a BME to establish a diagnosis. Pancytopenia investigations, when guided by appropriate clinic-laboratory findings, can promptly identify the underlying aetiology, while also identifying cases where an expedited BME is required. This is valuable in resource-conscious medicine.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…These parameters are comparable with other studies investigating the aetiology of pancytopenia. 6 , 7 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 21 , 45 , 46 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of pancytopenia: Experience of a South African tertiary academic centre

Nell

Chapanduka

2022

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also reported other etiologies like malaria, leishmaniasis, Salmonella, and HIV as infectious causes of pancytopenia. Other studies also reported malaria, visceral leishmaniasis, brucellosis, and sepsis as the common infections etiologies of pancytopenia [10,16]. This represents the wide spectrum of infectious etiologies of pancytopenia in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Clinical Characteristics and Etiological Spectrum of Pancytopenia in Pediatric Age Group: A Cross-Sectional Outlook From a Developing Country

Zubair¹,

Razzaq²,

Hashmi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe etiologies of pancytopenia in the pediatric age group remain exceedingly ubiquitous and warrant extensive hematological and interventional investigations like bone marrow biopsy. It varies widely from benign nutritional disorders to fatal malignancies. The present study aims to delineate the prevalence of various causes of pancytopenia in the pediatric population. MethodsThe present cross-sectional study included 96 patients between the age of one month till 15 years with pancytopenia. Study participants were evaluated for various parameters including their demographical details, clinical features, immunization history, and nature of the disorder. The prevalence of various etiologies (nutritional, neoplastic, infectious, autoimmune, and others) of pancytopenia was ascertained. ResultsOf the 96 patients, 42 (43.75%) were males with a mean age of 69.47 ± 7.12 months. Fever was present in 71.87%, arthralgias in 56.25%, weight loss in 35.41%, and failure to thrive in 18.75% of patients. The bone marrow examination revealed aplastic changes in 36 (37.50%), hyperplastic changes in 21 (21.87%), and normal cellularity in 40.62% of patients. Megaloblastic anemia was the most common nutritional cause of pancytopenia present in 21.85% of cases. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was the most prevalent neoplastic etiology present in 19.79% of patients. Aplastic anemia, miliary tuberculosis, parvovirus B19, and hemolytic anemia were other notable etiologies. ConclusionMegaloblastic anemia and infections like tuberculosis were common treatable etiologies of pancytopenia among the pediatric age group. ALL was the most common neoplastic etiology. Bone marrow biopsy remains crucial in elucidating the various neoplastic and nutritional etiologies of pancytopenia in children.

show abstract

Investigating the Clinico-Etiological Profile of Pediatric Pancytopenia: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Center

Nadig,

Rajan,

Kolahalam

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background A decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets is known as pancytopenia, and it is frequently caused by a variety of illnesses such as bone marrow failure, malnutrition, infections, autoimmune diseases, or blood malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hematological, clinical, and causative aspects of pancytopenia in children ranging in age from one month to 18 years. Methodology At the Department of Pediatrics, a 12-month prospective observational research involving 70 pediatric patients with pancytopenia was carried out. Documentation included demographic information, clinical manifestations, history of vaccinations, and particular disease features. The study evaluated the frequency of several reasons (autoimmune, neoplastic, nutritional, infectious, and others) that lead to pancytopenia. Results The mean age of the 70 patients was 5.08 ± 3.22 years, comprising 30 males (42.86%) and 40 females (57.14%). Fever (50 cases, 71.43%), arthralgias (39 cases, 55.71%), weight loss (11 cases, 15.71%), and failure to thrive (13 cases, 18.57%) were among the most common symptoms. Examinations of the bone marrow revealed that 29 patients (41.43%) had aplastic alterations, 20 patients (28.57%) had hyperplastic abnormalities, and 21 patients (30%) had normal cellularity. Fourteen patients (20%) had nutritional reasons, mostly megaloblastic anemia, and six patients (8.57%) suffering from neoplastic disorders had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Hemolytic anemia, parvovirus B19, miliary tuberculosis (TB), aplastic anemia, and systemic lupus erythematosus were among the other noteworthy etiologies. Conclusion Many cases of pediatric pancytopenia in the region are preventable. Greater awareness and appropriate diagnostic strategies are crucial for the early identification and management of these conditions.

show abstract

Etiological and Clinical Spectrum of Pancytopenia Based on Bone Marrow Examination

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Aetiology of pancytopenia: Experience of a South African tertiary academic centre

Aetiology of pancytopenia: Experience of a South African tertiary academic centre

Clinical Characteristics and Etiological Spectrum of Pancytopenia in Pediatric Age Group: A Cross-Sectional Outlook From a Developing Country

Investigating the Clinico-Etiological Profile of Pediatric Pancytopenia: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Center

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About