Etiologic Relationship of Marmoset-Propagated CR326 Hepatitis A Virus to Hepatitis in Man

Provost, Philip J.; Ittensohn, Oswald L.; Villarejos, Víctor M.; Arguedas, Jorge A.; Hilleman, Maurice R.

doi:10.3181/00379727-142-37220

Cited by 97 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Antibodies to human HAV elicited by either natural or 0001-0798 © 1992 SGM experimental infection do not distinguish between individual strains of HAV, and thus there is only a single serotype of human HAV (Gellis et al, 1945;Neefe et al, 1946;Provost et al, 1973;Rakela et al, 1976;Lemon & Binn, 1983). Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies raised to various strains of human HAV have failed to differentiate more than one antigenic type (MacGregor et al, 1983;Dawson et al, 1984;Crevat et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relatedness of hepatitis A virus strains recovered from different geographical regions

Robertson

Jansen

Khanna

et al. 1992

Journal of General Virology

439

519

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A pairwise comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of 168 bases from 152 wild-type or unique cell cultureadapted strains of hepatitis A virus (HAV) revealed that HAV strains can be differentiated genetically into seven unique genotypes (I to VII). In general, the nucleotide sequence of viruses in different genotypes differs at 15 to 25 % of positions within this segment of the genome. Viruses from four of the genotypes (I, II, III and VII) were recovered from cases of hepatitis A in humans, whereas viruses from the other three genotypes (IV, V and VI) were isolated only from simian species developing a hepatitis A-like illness during captivity. Among non-epidemiologically related human HAV strains, 81 were characterized as genotype I, and 19 as genotype III. Within each of these major genotypes, there were two distinct groups (subgenotypes), which differed in sequence at approximately 7-5 % of base positions. Each genotype and subgenotype has a characteristic amino acid sequence in this region of the polyprotein, with the most divergent genotypes differing at 10 of 56 residues. Strains recovered from some geographical regions belonged to a common (endemic) genotype, whereas strains from other regions belonged to several, probably imported, genotypes. Thus, HAV strains recovered in North America were for the most part closely related at the nucleotide sequence level, whereas in other regions, such as Japan and Western Europe, HAV strains were derived from multiple genotypes or sub-genotypes. These data indicate that patterns of endemic transmission can be differentiated from situations in which infections are imported due to travel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relatedness of hepatitis A virus strains recovered from different geographical regions

Robertson

Jansen

Khanna

et al. 1992

Journal of General Virology

439

519

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“…In addition, a viremic phase occurs, as serum from infected individuals has proven to be infectious in the past [1][2][3], However, detection of virus antigen in serum has been difficult, if not impossible, since HAV appears to be occluded by host proteins in serum [4], However, viremia can be demonstrated by detection of viral nucleic acid by RNA-DNA hybridization [5,6] or after PCR amplification [7] and it may reappear in cases with relaps ing hepatitis A [9], Figure 2 illustrates the viremic win dow following experimental infection of a chimpanzee and reveals the presence of virus for about 3 weeks, extending from the week prior to liver enzyme elevations to the week following the peak elevation. Despite the fact that the transmission of HAV is usually by the fecal-oral [7], The bars at the top illustrate the ethidium-bromide-stained band that is visible at day 21, during the peak of liver enzyme ele vations.…”

Section: Ntrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence Variability of Hepatitis A Virus and Factor VIII Associated Hepatitis A Infections in Hemophilia Patients in Europe

Friedberg¹,

Normann²,

Graff³

et al. 1994

Vox Sanguinis

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Outbreaks and sporadic cases of hepatitis A have been observed in 4 European countries in hemophilia patients receiving factor VIII preparations. PCR amplification of potential hepatitis A virus (HAV) nucleic acid present in plasma pools, purified factor VIII and acute-phase sera from infected individuals has been performed and the nucleic acid sequence determined for those samples that resulted in a positive PCR product. HAV sequences were detected in the serum of 2 German patients, but not in the factor VIII lots administered to these individuals. Screening of plasma pools and the corresponding 5 lots of factor VIII associated with the outbreak in Ireland did not reveal any HAV sequences. In contrast, a study of samples from Italy detected HAV sequences in 5 of 12 lots and in 2 hemophilia patients who developed hepatitis A. These data suggest that implicated factor VIII preparations might have been involved in the outbreaks of HAV infection among Italian hemophiliacs. However, no molecular evidence was obtained for a similar association in Germany or Ireland. The preliminary data from these two investigations must be verified by animal inoculation studies and supported by epidemiologic analysis.

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“…HAV is clearly distinguishable from the rhinoviruses and the aphthoviruses on the basis of its acid stability [5,15] and its buoyant density of 1.34 g/cm:! [3][4][5]9].…”

Section: Comments and Recommendations Of The Study Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic Classification of Hepatitis A Virus

Gust¹,

Coulepis²,

Feinstone³

et al. 1983

Intervirology

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Etiologic Relationship of Marmoset-Propagated CR326 Hepatitis A Virus to Hepatitis in Man

Cited by 97 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic relatedness of hepatitis A virus strains recovered from different geographical regions

Genetic relatedness of hepatitis A virus strains recovered from different geographical regions

Sequence Variability of Hepatitis A Virus and Factor VIII Associated Hepatitis A Infections in Hemophilia Patients in Europe

Taxonomic Classification of Hepatitis A Virus

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