Etiologic agents of otitis media in Benin city, Nigeria

Osazuwa, Favour; Osazuwa, Emmanuel O; Osime, Clement; Igharo, Esohe Amanda; Imade, Paul Erhunmwunse; Lofor, Patrick; Momoh, MI; Omoregie, Richard; Dirisu, John

doi:10.4297/najms.2011.395

Cited by 49 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Prakash et al 31 in their study isolated Coliforms including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from 9.42% and 7.33% cases respectively, and these findings were similar to the reports by Mansoor et al 30 who reported the same to be 8% and 4% whereas Poorey and lyer et al 32 reported a highincidence for Klebsiella in their study (25.4% 27 and Osazuwa H el al 29 found fungal isolates in 12.25%, 15% and 8.8% cases of CSOM respectively against 5% cases in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Microbiological Profile of Ear Discharge in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Das¹,

Basumatari²

2017

jemds

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BACKGROUNDChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the middle ear cleft which includes the middle ear cavity, mastoid antrum, the mastoid air cells and the Eustachian tube. Complex interactions between the environment, microbes, and host are thought to lead to the development of this multifactorial disease. Understanding of the microbiology of chronic otitis media is important for efficient and effective treatment, and prevention of complications and antibiotic resistance. Thus, the study was conducted with the aim to determine the bacteriological agents implicated in discharging ears of the patients of CSOM and to determine the associated clinco-epidemiological factors among the patients of CSOM. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis hospital-based descriptive study was conducted in 100 patients attending the ENT OPD in Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College, Barpeta, Assam from July 2016 to June 2017. Detailed clinical history and demographic data were collected and analysed. Ear discharge was collected and microbiological profile was evaluated. RESULTSOne hundred patients after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen for the study. 31-40 years age group was most commonly involved with male preponderance. Microbiological analysis of ear discharge showed that Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76% and Gram-positive bacteria were found in 34% cases. Gram-negative bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa 24%, Klebsiella spp. 19%, Proteus spp. 12% and Escherichia coli 10%. The Gram-positive aerobes identified included Staphylococcus spp. 15%. The most common anaerobes identified were Bacteroides spp. in 1%, Peptostreptococcus spp. in 1% cases. Fungal growth was seen in 5% cases. Diphtheroids were seen in 3% cases. CONCLUSIONContinuous and periodic evaluation of microbiological pattern and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates is necessary to decrease the potential risk of complications by early institution of appropriate treatment. Our study emphasised the need of proper identification of microbiological profile of the cases of CSOM in order to facilitate early institution of proper treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…as the second commonest. Kumar H et al 27 , Shymla R et al, 28 Osazuwa F et al 29 and Mansoor T et al 30 found Pseudomonas as the most prevalent organism in the isolates from the ear of the patients of CSOM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microbiological Profile of Ear Discharge in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Das¹,

Basumatari²

2017

jemds

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“…All the identified bacterial isolates correspond to similar study done by Nwankwo and Okeke [13] who also reported the preponderance of S. aureus. In contrast however Osazuwa et al [12] and Ogbogu et al [15] reported Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most frequent isolate of otitis media followed by S. aureus and Proteus spp. In developed countries, the commonest bacterial pathogens of acute otitis media were S. pneumoniae, H. influenzaeand M. catarrhalis [3] [5] [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Multi-Drug Resistant Acute Otitis Media amongst Children Attending Out-Patient Clinic in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, South-East Nigeria

Ejiofor¹,

Edeh²,

Ezeudu³

et al. 2016

AiM

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Objective: The study assessed microbial etiology and multi-drug resistant profile of the pathogens isolated from children diagnosed of acute otitis media (AOM) at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka. Method: Ear swab samples were collected aseptically from 40 children that visited the children out-patient clinic of the hospital. The samples were cultured within 20 minutes of collection and the isolates identified microbiologically. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method. Results: A total of 2025 children visited the hospital during the study period and 40 (1.98%) had clinical diagnosis of acute otitis media. Ten (25%) of the 40 samples did not yield any microbial growth. Children aged ≤one year had the highest prevalence of AOM (55%). Staphylococcus aureus (34.9%) was the predominant bacteria isolate followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30.2%) while Candida krusei (14%) was the predominant fungi isolate. All the bacterial isolates were resistant to ampicillin and coamoxiclav. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were marginally susceptible to gentamicin (60%) and sparfloxacin (73.3%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, cefuroxime, erythromycin and azithromycin. Nystatin and voriconazole had comparable effect (60%) against the fungal isolates and flucona-* Corresponding author. S. O. Ejiofor et al.496 zole was ineffective. Conclusion: The incidence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria associated with acute otitis media in the pediatric patient was very high. Empiric treatment of the infection in the community should be discouraged. AOM preventive strategies should be targeted on the very young children to reduce the risk of recurrence.

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“…Among Aspergillus species maximum strains isolated was Aspergillus fumigates 9(32.14%) followed by Aspergillus niger 4(14.29%). In a study from Nigeria on 569 patients of otitis media, fungi isolated were Aspergillus niger (9.2%) followed by Candida albicans (5.4%) [14]. In another study from India, fungal etiology was found in 15% of cases ,out of which 60% were Candida species and 40% were Aspergillus species [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Balan

Viswanatha

2017

JOENTR

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Objective: Aim of the study is to find out the microbiological profile and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods:A total number of 100 ear swabs were investigated for the present study. Their gram staining, direct microscopy with KOH, culture sensitivity, and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the organisms and to know their sensitivity pattern. All the swabs were collected from patients with clinical diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media visiting otolaryngology outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. The study period was one year, from July 2016 to June 2017. Results:Out of 100 swabs ,fungal culture was positive for 28 (28% ) swabs , while combined growth of fungi and bacteria obtained from 24 (24%) swabs, only bacteria from 62 (62%) and culture was negative from 10 swabs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (37.21%) was commonly isolated organism followed by Staphylococcus aureus (27.91%). Fungal was isolated in 28 cases, out of which 57.14% were Aspergillus species, followed by Candida (42.86%). Amikacin was found to be the most effective antibiotic with low resistance rate. Conclusion:The study of microbial pattern and their antibiotic sensitivity determines the prevalent organisms causing chronic suppurative otitis media in local area and helps to start appropriate treatment of otitis media and its complications for successful outcome.

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Etiologic agents of otitis media in Benin city, Nigeria

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Microbiological Profile of Ear Discharge in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Microbiological Profile of Ear Discharge in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Multi-Drug Resistant Acute Otitis Media amongst Children Attending Out-Patient Clinic in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, South-East Nigeria

Microbiology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

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