Ethylenediaminetetraacetate and lysozyme improves antimicrobial activities of ovotransferrin against Escherichia coli O157:H7

Ko, Kyung Yuk; Mendoncam, A. F.; Ismail, Hesham; Ahn, Dong U.

doi:10.3382/ps.2008-00218

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Since gram-positive bacteria tend to colonise egg contents less frequently [3-5], they may pose less of a threat to egg viability than other microbes, which could suggest that ovotransferrin is more valuable as a defensive protein than lysozyme. However, lysozyme can potentiate the activity of ovotransferrin and the two proteins may work in synergy, increasing their range of antimicrobial activity [59]. Thus, a balance between concentrations of lysozyme and ovotransferrin might be most effective in providing efficient, non-specific antimicrobial defence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are antimicrobial defences in bird eggs related to climatic conditions associated with risk of trans-shell microbial infection?

et al. 2014

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IntroductionAll bird eggs are exposed to microbes in the environment, which if transmitted to the developing embryo, could cause hatching failure. However, the risk of trans-shell infection varies with environmental conditions and is higher for eggs laid in wetter environments. This might relate to generally higher microbial abundances and diversity in more humid environments, including on the surface of eggshells, as well as the need for moisture to facilitate microbial penetration of the eggshell. To protect against microbial infection, the albumen of avian eggs contains antimicrobial proteins, including lysozyme and ovotransferrin. We tested whether lysozyme and ovotransferrin activities varied in eggs of larks (Alaudidae) living along an arid-mesic gradient of environmental aridity, which we used as a proxy for risk of trans-shell infection.ResultsContrary to expectations, lysozyme activity was highest in eggs from hotter, more arid locations, where we predicted the risk of trans-shell infection would be lower. Ovotransferrin concentrations did not vary with climatic factors. Temperature was a much better predictor of antimicrobial protein activity than precipitation, a result inconsistent with studies stressing the importance of moisture for trans-shell infection.ConclusionsOur study raises interesting questions about the links between temperature and lysozyme activity in eggs, but we find no support for the hypothesis that antimicrobial protein deposition is higher in eggs laid in wetter environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are antimicrobial defences in bird eggs related to climatic conditions associated with risk of trans-shell microbial infection?

et al. 2014

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“…Ovotransferrin has been shown to have antibacterial effects against Pseudomonas , E. coli , Streptococcus mutans , Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus cereus , and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (31-33). Research into whether growth inhibition of the Δ znuA C. jejuni mutant in chick cecal contents is due to the presence of a specific microbiota-dependent zinc-binding protein, competition with the dense microbiota population, or alterations in the host immune or metabolic functions is under way.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Competition among the Intestinal Microbiota

Gielda

DiRita

2012

mBio

112

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Bioavailable levels of trace metals, such as iron and zinc, for bacterial growth in nature are sufficiently low that most microbes have evolved high-affinity binding and transport systems. The microbe Campylobacter jejuni lives in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens, the principal source of human infection. A high-affinity ABC transporter for zinc uptake is required for Campylobacter survival in chicken intestines in the presence of a normal microbiota but not when chickens are raised with a limited microbiota. Mass spectrometric analysis of cecal contents revealed the presence of numerous zinc-binding proteins in conventional chicks compared to the number in limited-microbiota chicks. The presence of a microbiota results in the production of host zinc-binding enzymes, causing a growth restriction for bacteria that lack the high-affinity zinc transporter. Such transporters in a wide range of pathogenic bacteria make them good targets for the development of broad-spectrum antimicrobials.Importance Zinc is an essential trace element for the growth of most organisms. Quantities of zinc inside cells are highly regulated, as too little zinc does not support growth, while too much zinc is toxic. Numerous bacterial cells require zinc uptake systems for growth and virulence. The work presented here demonstrates that the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract reduces the quantity of zinc. Without a high-affinity zinc transporter, Campylobacter jejuni, a commensal organism of chickens, is unable to replicate or colonize the gastrointestinal tract. This is the first demonstration of zinc competition between microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of a host. These results could have profound implications in the field of microbial pathogenesis and in our understanding of host metabolism and the microbiota.

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“…An antagonizing effect was observed when citrate was added to ovotransferrin in the presence of bicarbonate. However, adding EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetate) enhanced the antibacterial activity of ovotransferrin against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes (Ko, Mendonca, & Ahn, 2008a;Ko, Mendonca, Ismail, & Ahn, 2009). …”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Valenti et al (1981) EDTA enhanced ovotransferrin antibacterial activity. Ko et al (2009);Seol et al (2009) Bactericidal activity in holo-and apo-ovotransferrin against gram + and gram -bacteria. Ibrahim (1997); Beekman et al (2007); Van Droogenbroeck et al (2008) Zn + -ovotransferrin complex enhances antibacterial activity.…”

Section: Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%