Ethylenediamine-Catalyzed Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon Aerogel under Hypersaline Condition for High-Performance Supercapacitors and Organic Solvent Absorbents

Abstract

The simple and cost-efficient preparation of high-performance nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel (N-CA) for supercapacitors and other applications is still a big challenge. In this work, we have presented a facile strategy to synthesize hierarchically porous N-CA, which is based on solvothermal polymerization of phenol and formaldehyde under hypersaline condition with ethylenediamine (EDA) functioning as both a catalyst and a nitrogen precursor. Benefited from the catalytic effect of EDA on the polymerization, the obtained N-CA has a predominant amount of micropores (micropore ratio: 52%) with large specific surface area (1201.1 m2·g−1). In addition, nitrogen doping brings N-CA enhanced wettability and reduced electrochemical impedance. Therefore, the N-CA electrode shows high specific capacitance (426 F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 in 0.5 M H2SO4) and excellent cycling stability (104% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles) in three-electrode systems. Besides, a high energy density of 32.42 Wh·kg−1 at 800 W·kg−1 can be achieved by symmetric supercapacitor based on the N-CA electrodes, showing its promising application for energy storage. Furthermore, N-CA also exhibits good capacity and long recyclability in the absorption of organic solvents.

Electrostatic interaction-controlled dispersion of carbon nanotubes in a ternary composite for high-performance supercapacitors

“…Such a phenomenon is quite normal for electrodes with highly porous structures. 28,42,43 However, no such increase of C s was observed during the cycling test of the DMoGC-(BS-12) electrode, which, in contrast, showed a decreasing trend from the very beginning and the decrease of C s during the first 1000 cycles was faster than that during later cycles (Fig. 7a).…”

“…Two dominant peaks belonging to the D-band at about 1350 cm −1 and the G-band at around 1595 cm −1 can be observed in all the spectra, and are originated from the defects present in a carbon lattice and the in-plane stretching vibration of sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms, respectively. 28–30 The I D / I G values of DMoGC-SDS (1.16) and DMoGC-CTAB (1.86) are higher than that of DMoGC-0 (1.05) (Fig. 1d and Fig.…”

“…5b and S9†), indicating an excellent capacitive behaviour and a quick charge propagation capacity of the DMoGC electrodes. 28,36 Among the three DMoGC samples, the DMoGC-(BS-12) electrode presents a CV curve with the smallest enclosed area at a scan rate of 20 mV s −1 (Fig. 5a), implying that it has lower capacitance than the DMoGC-SDS and DMoGC-CTAB electrodes.…”

Carbon based materials: a review of adsorbents for inorganic and organic compounds

“…2.6.2 Application. The ability to prepare CAs emerges from their unique properties for the adsorptive removal of various organic and inorganic substances, including metals, 311,312 dyes, 313,314 antibiotics, 315,316 volatile organic compounds, 317 organic solvents, 318 oils, 285,319 CO 2 , 320 and H 2 S. One of the highly discussed applications of CA in chemistry is its potential applicability in the adsorption of organic compounds, especially common hazardous materials. Generally, the presence of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur groups on the surface of the CBMs, especially CAs, can increase the porosity, hydrophilicity and selectivity of the adsorbents.…”

Cobalt-Containing Nanoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanocuboids from Zeolite Imidazole Frameworks for Supercapacitors

“…Developing nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage is among the forefront of materials research [1,2,3,4,5]. A plethora of nanostructured transition metal oxides, for example, manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) [6,7,8], iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) [9,10,11], molybdenum trioxide (MoO 3 ) [12,13], tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) [14], and cobalt oxides (Co 3 O 4 and CoO) [15,16], are potent electrode materials for secondary batteries and supercapacitors, thanks to their characteristics of high theoretical capacities or capacitances, earth abundance, low toxicity, and cost-effectiveness.…”