“…Several other molecular players in SA/ JA crosstalk have been identified, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase MPK4 (Petersen et al, 2000), the lipase-like proteins ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 and PHY-TOALEXIN-DEFICIENT4 (Brodersen et al, 2006), the fatty acid desaturase SUPPRESSOR OF SA INSENSITIVITY2 (Kachroo et al, 2003), glutaredoxin GRX480 (Ndamukong et al, 2007;Zander et al, 2010), and class II TGA and WRKY transcription factors (Li et al, 2004;Mao et al, 2007;Ndamukong et al, 2007;Leon-Reyes et al, 2010a;Zander et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2011). Mutation or ectopic expression of the corresponding genes often have contrasting effects on SA and JA signaling and on resistance against biotrophs and necrotrophs, indicating that these proteins are important regulators of SA/JA crosstalk.…”