Ethylene signaling is required for the acceleration of cell death induced by the activation of AtMEK5 in Arabidopsis

Liu, Hongxia; Wang, Ying; Xu, Juan; Su, Tongbing; Liu, Guoqin; Ren, Dongtao

doi:10.1038/cr.2008.29

Cited by 63 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In N. benthamiana MKK1 (orthologue of At MKK7/8/9 ) is a potent inducer of HR-like cell death in response to P. infestans [11], [55], [78] and the same was shown also for At MKK7 and MKK9 in A. thaliana [79]. In A. thaliana , MKK5 was shown to have a role in the cascade that triggers the HR response [80]. In the present study, there was strong repression of potato MKK3 , while this dysregulation was diminished in the NahG-Rywal plants (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Involvement of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) MKK6 in Response to Potato virus Y

et al. 2014

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades have crucial roles in the regulation of plant development and in plant responses to stress. Plant recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns or pathogen-derived effector proteins has been shown to trigger activation of several MAPKs. This then controls defence responses, including synthesis and/or signalling of defence hormones and activation of defence related genes. The MAPK cascade genes are highly complex and interconnected, and thus the precise signalling mechanisms in specific plant–pathogen interactions are still not known. Here we investigated the MAPK signalling network involved in immune responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to Potato virus Y, an important potato pathogen worldwide. Sequence analysis was performed to identify the complete MAPK kinase (MKK) family in potato, and to identify those regulated in the hypersensitive resistance response to Potato virus Y infection. Arabidopsis has 10 MKK family members, of which we identified five in potato and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), and eight in Nicotiana benthamiana. Among these, StMKK6 is the most strongly regulated gene in response to Potato virus Y. The salicylic acid treatment revealed that StMKK6 is regulated by the hormone that is in agreement with the salicylic acid-regulated domains found in the StMKK6 promoter. The involvement of StMKK6 in potato defence response was confirmed by localisation studies, where StMKK6 accumulated strongly only in Potato-virus-Y-infected plants, and predominantly in the cell nucleus. Using a yeast two-hybrid method, we identified three StMKK6 targets downstream in the MAPK cascade: StMAPK4_2, StMAPK6 and StMAPK13. These data together provide further insight into the StMKK6 signalling module and its involvement in plant defence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Involvement of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) MKK6 in Response to Potato virus Y

et al. 2014

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“…On the basis of several in vitro and in vivo studies, the downstream targets of MKK5 are believed to be MPK3 and MPK6 Liu et al, 2008) and is involved in regulating stomatal development and patterning, ethylene signaling during the cell death process, and nitric oxide production and signal transduction in response to hydrogen peroxide during Arabidopsis root development. However, whether MPK6 and MPK3 are downstream of AIK1-MKK5 in the response to ABA was unclear.…”

Section: Aik1-mkk5 Functions Upstream Of Mpk6mentioning

confidence: 99%

AIK1, A Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Modulates Abscisic Acid Responses through the MKK5-MPK6 Kinase Cascade

et al. 2016

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The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is an evolutionarily conserved signal transduction module involved in transducing extracellular signals to the nucleus for appropriate cellular adjustment. This cascade essentially consists of three components: a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAPK kinase, and a MAPK, connected to each other by the event of phosphorylation. Here, we report the characterization of a MAPKKK, ABA-INSENSITIVE PROTEIN KINASE1 (AIK1), which regulates abscisic acid (ABA) responses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). T-DNA insertion mutants of AIK1 showed insensitivity to ABA in terms of both root growth and stomatal response. AIK1 functions in ABA responses via regulation of root cell division and elongation, as well as stomatal responses. The activity of AIK1 is induced by ABA in Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana), and the Arabidopsis protein phosphatase type 2C, ABI1, a negative regulator of ABA signaling, restricts AIK1 activity by dephosphorylation. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis showed that MPK3, MPK6, and AIK1 interact with MKK5. The single mutant seedlings of mpk6 and mkk5 have similar phenotypes to aik1, but mkk4 does not. AIK1 was localized in the cytoplasm and shown to activate MKK5 by protein phosphorylation, which was an ABA-activated process. Constitutively active MKK5 in aik1 mutant seedlings complements the ABA-insensitive root growth phenotype of aik1. The activity of MPK6 was increased by ABA in wild-type seedlings, but its activation by ABA was impaired in aik1 and aik1 mkk5 mutants. These findings clearly suggest that the AIK1-MKK5-MPK6 cascade functions in the ABA regulation of primary root growth and stomatal response.

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“…SAM is an important metabolic precursor for numerous bioactive compounds including the hormone ethylene (66). Up-regulation of methionine/SAM enzymes at the PM may provide the precursors for ethylene biosynthesis, which is known to be produced at high levels during the HR and is required for the acceleration of cell death (67). In support of this idea, the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase ACO4/EFE, which catalyzes the final step of ethylene biosynthesis, was also found to be up-regulated at the PM (supplemental Table 2).…”

Section: Fig 3 Go Biological Process Over-representation In Up-regumentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Dynamic Changes in the Plasma Membrane During Arabidopsis Immune Signaling

Elmore

Smith

et al. 2012

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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The plant plasma membrane is a crucial mediator of the interaction between plants and microbes. Understanding how the plasma membrane proteome responds to diverse immune signaling events will lead to a greater understanding of plant immunity and uncover novel targets for crop improvement. Here we report the results from a large scale quantitative proteomics study of plasma membraneenriched fractions upon activation of the Arabidopsis thaliana immune receptor RPS2. More than 2300 proteins were identified in total, with 1353 proteins reproducibly identified across multiple replications. Label-free spectral counting was employed to quantify the relative protein abundance between different treatment samples. Over 20% of up-regulated proteins have known roles in plant immune responses. Significantly changing proteins include those involved in calcium and lipid signaling, membrane transport, primary and secondary metabolism, protein phosphorylation, redox homeostasis, and vesicle trafficking.

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Ethylene signaling is required for the acceleration of cell death induced by the activation of AtMEK5 in Arabidopsis

Cited by 63 publications

References 64 publications

Involvement of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) MKK6 in Response to Potato virus Y

Involvement of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) MKK6 in Response to Potato virus Y

AIK1, A Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Modulates Abscisic Acid Responses through the MKK5-MPK6 Kinase Cascade

Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Dynamic Changes in the Plasma Membrane During Arabidopsis Immune Signaling

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