Ethylene–Propylene Polymers

Noordermeer, Jacobus W.M.

doi:10.1002/0471238961.0520082514151518.a01.pub2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Out of the numerous types of polyolefins, EP(D)M elastomers are of great practical importance when superior elastomeric properties are required . EP(D)M is a random terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and a nonconjugated diene, that is, 5‐ethylene‐2‐norbornene (ENB) or dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) (Scheme ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Doremaele

Duin²,

Valla³

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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ARLANXEO Elastomers has developed and commercialized Keltan ACE TM technology, a class of half-sandwich cyclopentadienyl j 1 -amidinate metal complexes, which are extremely active for the production of first-class ethylene/propylene/diene copolymers (EPDM). In this review, the development and some of the key features of the Keltan ACE TM catalyst system are presented. Many different ACE catalysts have been synthesized over the past years, including bridged and bimetallic catalysts. With Keltan ACE TM , a complete range of EPDM products with similar polymer characteristics as their Ziegler-Natta (ZN) counterparts can be produced, including variations containing very high 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) contents, controlled long chain branching, very high molecular weight, as well as oil-extended products. Moreover, other EPDM structures can be polymerized. The Keltan ACE TM catalyst technology also allows the production of EPDMs with very high amounts of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) or 5-vinyl 2-norbornene (VNB) without excessive gelation and reactor fouling, that is, products that cannot or are extremely difficult to obtain via classical ZN catalysis. In a next step, high-VNB-EPDM can be postreactor modified, for example, via metathesis chemistry. In addition, EPDM polymers with a very broad or even bimodal molecular weight distribution can be obtained in a single reactor with certain ACE catalyst structures at particular activator/precatalyst ratios. V C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2877-2891 KEYWORDS: catalysts; EPDM; Keltan ACE Technology; polyolefins; post metallocene; product diversification; rubber INTRODUCTION The early 1950s can be considered as the start of the polyolefin age. Since then, the production and consumption of olefin-based polymeric materials have been steadily increasing to high volumes. Intense catalyst and product development has resulted in a wide range of different types of polyolefins each with designed properties and applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Doremaele

Duin²,

Valla³

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…In addition to PE, other polymers identified in this land use-much like in bare land-include PP, Ethylene-propylene copolymer, PVP, and CPE. Ethylene-propylene copolymer, a synthetic rubber, finds its applications in automotive components, building construction, and the cable sector [114]. Conversely, PVP is utilized broadly in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries [115], while CPE is popular in various applications such as piping, roofing, and a range of automotive and construction materials [116].…”

Section: Microplastics Prevalence and Characterization Across Diverse...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Soil Microplastics: Prevalence and Consequences Across Varied Land Use Contexts

Walenna,

Hanami,

Hidayat

et al. 2024

Civ Eng J

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In an extensive exploration of microplastics within soil environments, our study aims to investigate the presence, spread, and ecological impact of microplastics in soil, focusing on Makassar City, Indonesia. Using a Sinher binocular digital microscope, we visually examined soil samples in Petri dishes, measuring microplastic sizes with Image-J software. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was also employed for additional identification and analysis of polymer compositions. Our research uncovered a widespread presence of microplastics across diverse soil types and land uses, including residential, fishpond, agricultural, landfill, coastal, and bareland areas. The concentration of these microplastics was found to be between 16.6 to 21.9 particles/gram, showing consistency across most land uses, with some variations in coastal areas. We noted a significant variety in microplastic forms, predominantly fragments and films, across the different land uses. A wide range of colors was observed, including blue, green, red, and transparent. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were identified as the predominant polymers. Our study highlights the non-uniform distribution of microplastics in soil, suggesting potential significant impacts on soil organisms and the wider ecosystem. These findings underscore the critical need for more comprehensive research on the ecological implications of microplastics in soil environments. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-04-017 Full Text: PDF

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“…[1][2][3][4] It represents 7% of the world rubber consumption and it is the most widely used nontire rubber. The main use of EPDM (over a third of its global output) 4 is in automotive applications such as profiles, hoses, and seals; in building and construction as profiles, roofing foil, and seals; in cable and wire as insulation and jacketing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPDM is also used in blends with general-purpose rubbers to improve the ozone and weathering resistance in products such as in cover strips and thermoplastic material used for exterior automotive applications (bumpers and panels). 2 Contrary to the other rubber parts of cars, namely tires, EPDM rubber has received much less attention concerning the recycling issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of experimental design to study the responses of continuous devulcanization processes

Sutanto¹,

Picchioni²,

Janssen³

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This paper presents the use of statistical analysis for studying the responses of two continuous devulcanization processes (of the EPDM roofing sheet and the EPDM profile) in the extruder. The response is represented by the reaction conversion, which is denoted as the relative decrease in crosslink density. Experimental design is considered as a useful tool when the kinetic data for the physical modeling are not available. The models derived show similar tendency of both processes with respect to the temperature and the screw speed. A difference is observed in their responses to the feed rate, which might be the consequence of their different devulcanization rates.

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Ethylene–Propylene Polymers

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Examining Soil Microplastics: Prevalence and Consequences Across Varied Land Use Contexts

The use of experimental design to study the responses of continuous devulcanization processes

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Ethylene–Propylene Polymers

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

On the Development of Titanium κ1‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

On the Development of Titanium κ1‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Examining Soil Microplastics: Prevalence and Consequences Across Varied Land Use Contexts

The use of experimental design to study the responses of continuous devulcanization processes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures