Ethylene: potential key for biochar amendment impacts

Spokas, Kurt A.; Baker, John M.; Reicosky, D. C.

doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0359-5

Cited by 284 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Kamman et al [54] included wetting-drying cycles (assumed to stimulate microbial N 2 O production), while measuring biomass yields and inorganic-N, observing that increased plant growth correlated with reduced N 2 O emissions in the biochar treatments. A detailed examination of mechanisms for reduced N 2 O emissions from biochar-amended soils was also carried out by Spokas et al [64] who showed the origins and effects of ethylene on N 2 O emissions and its role in reducing N 2 O emissions. The effect that ethylene has on N 2 O production from biochar amended soils needs to be investigated in more detail to further elucidate its role in biochar-N 2 O dynamics.…”

Section: Mitigation Of Nitrous Oxide Emissions Using Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volatile organic compounds associated with a biochar or ethylene production can decrease nitrification activity [62,64]. In agricultural ecosystems, the lack of positive effects from adding biochar on net nitrification rates may be because agricultural ecosystems are already characterised by high nitrification rates [80].…”

Section: Impacts Of Biochar On Nitrogen Mineralization Immobilisatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Clough

Condron

Kammann³

et al. 2013

Agronomy

737

458

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oxide (N 2 O) were short-term in nature and found emission reductions, but long-term studies are lacking, as is mechanistic understanding of reductions. Stable N isotopes have a role in elucidating biochar-N-soil dynamics. There remains a dearth of information regarding effects of biochar and soil biota on N cycling. Biochar has potential within agroecosystems to be an N input, and a mitigation agent for environmentally detrimental N losses. Future research needs to systematically understand biochar-N interactions over the long term.

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Section: Mitigation Of Nitrous Oxide Emissions Using Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impacts Of Biochar On Nitrogen Mineralization Immobilisatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Clough

Condron

Kammann³

et al. 2013

Agronomy

737

458

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“…Biochar is typically alkaline, highly porous and has a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) and large specific surface area (Downie et al 2009). Adding biochar to soils has been demonstrated to depress N 2 O emissions and to sometimes affect CO 2 from soils by affecting soil pH, aeration (Yanai et al 2007;Van Zwieten et al 2010) and available NH 4 + and NO 3 - (Spokas et al 2010). Furthermore, biochar can capture the NH 3 produced in anthropogenic emissions and make it bioavailable in soils (Taghizadeh-Toosi et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

Sun

Chen

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Both nitrogen (N) deposition and biochar can affect the emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ) from different soils. Here, we have established a simulated wet N deposition experiment to investigate the effects of N deposition and biochar addition on N 2 O and CO 2 emissions and NH 3 volatilization from agricultural and forest soils. Repacked soil columns were subjected to six N deposition events over a 1-year period. N was applied at rates of 0 (N0), 60 (N60), and 120 (N120) kg Nh a −1 yr −1 without or with biochar (0 and 30 t ha). For agricultural soil, adding N increased cumulative N 2 O emissions by 29.8% and 99.1% (p < 0.05) from the N60 and N120 treatments, respectively as compared to without N treatments, and N120 emitted 53.4% more (p < 0.05) N 2 O than the N60 treatment; NH 3 volatilization increased by 33.6% and 91.9% (p < 0.05) from the N60 and N120 treatments, respectively, as compared to without N treatments, and N120 emitted 43.6% more (p < 0.05) NH 3 than N60; cumulative CO 2 emissions were not influenced by N addition. For forest soil, adding N significantly increased cumulative N 2 O emissions by 141.2% (p < 0.05) and 323.0% (p < 0.05) from N60 and N120 treatments, respectively, as compared to without N treatments, and N120 emitted 75.4% more (p < 0.05) N 2 O than N60; NH 3 volatilization increased by 39.0% (p < 0.05) and 56.1% (p < 0.05) from the N60 and N120 treatments, respectively, as compared to without N treatments, and there was no obvious difference between N120 and N60 treatments; cumulative CO 2 emissions were not influenced by N addition. Biochar amendment significantly (p < 0.05) decreased cumulative N 2 O emissions by 20.2% and 25.5% from agricultural and forest soils, respectively, and increased CO 2 emissions slightly by 7.2% and NH 3 volatilization obviously by 21.0% in the agricultural soil, while significantly decreasing CO 2 emissions by 31.5% and NH 3 volatilization by 22.5% in the forest soil. These results suggest that N deposition would strengthen N 2 O and NH 3 emissions and have no effect on CO 2 emissions in both soils, and treatments receiving the higher N rate at N120 emitted obviously more N 2 O and NH 3 than the lower rate at N60. Under the simulated N deposition circumstances, biochar incorporation suppressed N 2 O emissions in both soils, and produced contrasting effects on CO 2 and NH 3 emissions, being enhanced in the agricultural soil while suppressed in the forest soil.

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“…It reflects the higher lignin content of wood, which preferentially forms char during pyrolysis [21]. The minimum values of H/C org and O/C org indicate a high biochar C stability [32][33][34][35], and thus, a maximum potential for C sequestration. H/C org and O/C org ratios of biochars produced from the 45 pyrolysis tests significantly varied for a single biomass, depending on the pyrolysis operating parameters (Tables A1-A3).…”

Section: Analysis Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Production of Engineered Biochars in a Vertical Auger Pyrolysis Reactor for Carbon Sequestration

et al. 2017

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Biomass pyrolysis and the valorization of co-products (biochar, bio-oil, syngas) could be a sustainable management solution for agricultural and forest residues. Depending on its properties, biochar amended to soil could improve fertility. Moreover, biochar is expected to mitigate climate change by reducing soil greenhouse gas emissions, if its C/N ratio is lower than 30, and sequestrating carbon if its O/C org and H/C org ratios are lower than 0.2 and 0.7, respectively. However, the yield and properties of biochar are influenced by biomass feedstock and pyrolysis operating parameters. The objective of this research study was to validate an approach based on the response surface methodology, to identify the optimal pyrolysis operating parameters (temperature, solid residence time, and carrier gas flowrate), in order to produce engineered biochars for carbon sequestration. The pyrolysis of forest residues, switchgrass, and the solid fraction of pig manure, was carried out in a vertical auger reactor following a Box-Behnken design, in order to develop response surface models. The optimal pyrolysis operating parameters were estimated to obtain biochar with the lowest H/C org and O/C org ratios. Validation pyrolysis experiments confirmed that the selected approach can be used to accurately predict the optimal operating parameters for producing biochar with the desired properties to sequester carbon.

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Ethylene: potential key for biochar amendment impacts

Abstract: Significant increases in root density,

Cited by 284 publications

References 33 publications

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

The Production of Engineered Biochars in a Vertical Auger Pyrolysis Reactor for Carbon Sequestration

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Ethylene: potential key for biochar amendment impacts

Abstract: Significant increases in root density,

Cited by 284 publications

References 33 publications

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N2O, CO2and NH3from agricultural and forest soils

The Production of Engineered Biochars in a Vertical Auger Pyrolysis Reactor for Carbon Sequestration

Contact Info

Product

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Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils