Ethylene-insensitive tobacco lacks nonhost resistance against soil-borne fungi

Knoester, M.; Loon, L.C. van; Heuvel, Joop van den; Hennig, Jacek; Bol, John F.; Linthorst, Huub J. M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.95.4.1933

Cited by 306 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We found similar results in an independent ethylene-insensitive transgenic line of tobacco (28% lower A max in line Tetr-20 [Knoester et al, 1998]; data not shown). Because Rubisco protein content was lower in the ethyleneinsensitive genotype (Table I), their lower A max is likely to be the result of a decrease in carboxylation capacity; Table I.…”

Section: Photosynthesis Of Vegetative Plantssupporting

confidence: 74%

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Ethylene Insensitivity Results in Down-Regulation of Rubisco Expression and Photosynthetic Capacity in Tobacco

et al. 2007

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Little is known about the effect of hormones on the photosynthetic process. Therefore, we studied Rubisco content and expression along with gas exchange parameters in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants that are not able to sense ethylene. We also tested for a possible interaction between ethylene insensitivity, abscisic acid (ABA), and sugar feedback on photosynthesis. We measured Rubisco content in seedlings grown in agar with or without added sugar and fluridone, and Rubisco expression in hydroponically grown vegetative plants grown at low and high CO 2 . Furthermore, we analyzed gas exchange and the photosynthetic machinery of transformants and wild-type plants grown under standard conditions. In the presence of exogenous glucose (Glc), agar-grown seedlings of the ethylene-insensitive genotype had lower amounts of Rubisco per unit leaf area than the wild type. No differences in Rubisco content were found between ethylene-insensitive and wild-type seedlings treated with fluridone, suggesting that inhibition of ABA production nullified the effect of Glc application. When larger, vegetative plants were grown at different atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, a negative correlation was found between Glc concentration in the leaves and Rubisco gene expression, with stronger repression by high Glc concentrations in ethyleneinsensitive plants. Ethylene insensitivity resulted in plants with comparable fractions of nitrogen invested in light harvesting, but lower amounts in electron transport and Rubisco. Consequently, photosynthetic capacity of the insensitive genotype was clearly lower compared with the wild type. We conclude that the inability to perceive ethylene results in increased sensitivity to Glc, which may be mediated by a higher ABA concentration. This increased sensitivity to endogenous Glc has negative consequences for Rubisco content and photosynthetic capacity of these plants.

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Section: Photosynthesis Of Vegetative Plantssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Seeds of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 'Samsun NN') and transgenic lines expressing the mutant allele etr1-1 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; Knoester et al, 1998) were provided by Professor L.C. van Loon (Utrecht University).…”

Section: Seedling Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Insensitivity Results in Down-Regulation of Rubisco Expression and Photosynthetic Capacity in Tobacco

et al. 2007

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“…Depending on the type of invader encountered, the plant appears to be capable of switching on the appropriate pathway or combination of pathways. The plant signalling molecules salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene play an important role in this signalling network: blocking the response to either of these signals can render plants more susceptible to pathogens and even insects 6, [49][50][51][52] . Resistance conferred by the salicylic acid-dependent pathway might be directed more against certain types of pathogens, whereas resistance conferred by salicylic acid-independent pathways might operate more effectively against other types of pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic acid-independent plant defence pathways

Pieterse

Loon

1999

Trends in Plant Science

567

307

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Salicylic acid is an important signalling molecule involved in both locally and systemically induced disease resistance responses. Recent advances in our understanding of plant defence signalling have revealed that plants employ a network of signal transduction pathways, some of which are independent of salicylic acid. Evidence is emerging that jasmonic acid and ethylene play key roles in these salicylic acid-independent pathways. Cross-talk between the salicylic acid-dependent and the salicylic acid-independent pathways provides great regulatory potential for activating multiple resistance mechanisms in varying combinations.

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“…Blocking the response to either of these signal molecules renders plants more susceptible to pathogens [17,22,43,46,55] and even insects [29]. Both JA and ethylene co-ordinate the activation of a large set of defense responses, and when applied exogenously can induce resistance themselves [4,6,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizobacteria-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) in Arabidopsis requires sensitivity to jasmonate and ethylene but is not accompanied by an increase in their production

Pieterse

Pelt

Ton

et al. 2000

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

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218

118

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Plants develop an enhanced defensive capacity against a broad spectrum of plant pathogens after colonization of the roots by selected strains of nonpathogenic biocontrol bacteria. In Arabidopsis thaliana, this induced systemic resistance (ISR) functions independently of salicylic acid but requires an intact response to the plant hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene. To further investigate the roles of JA and ethylene in the ISR signalling pathway, the levels of these signalling molecules were determined in A. thaliana upon induction of ISR by Pseudomonas¯uorescens WCS417r and subsequent challenge inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Upon treatment of the roots with ISR-inducing WCS417r bacteria, neither the JA content, nor the level of ethylene evolution was altered in systemically resistant leaves. In®ltration of leaves with WCS417r triggered the JA-and ethylene-dependent ISR pathway, but did not cause local changes in the production of either of these signalling molecules. These results indicate that rhizobacteria-mediated ISR is not based on the induction of changes in the biosynthesis of either JA or ethylene. However, in ISR-expressing plants the capacity to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) to ethylene was signi®cantly enhanced, providing a greater potential to produce ethylene upon pathogen attack.*

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Ethylene-insensitive tobacco lacks nonhost resistance against soil-borne fungi

Cited by 306 publications

References 33 publications

Ethylene Insensitivity Results in Down-Regulation of Rubisco Expression and Photosynthetic Capacity in Tobacco

Ethylene Insensitivity Results in Down-Regulation of Rubisco Expression and Photosynthetic Capacity in Tobacco

Salicylic acid-independent plant defence pathways

Rhizobacteria-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) in Arabidopsis requires sensitivity to jasmonate and ethylene but is not accompanied by an increase in their production

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