Ethylene Evolution and Ammonium Accumulation by Tomato Plants after Root-Applied Glufosinate-Ammonium Treatment in the Presence of Ethylene Inhibitors

NRT1.1-dependent NH4+ toxicity in Arabidopsis is associated with disturbed balance between NH4+ uptake and assimilation

“…Numerous studies have reported the combination of ethylene and NH 4 + accumulation in the development of NH 4 + toxicity symptoms in plants (You and Barker, 2005; Li et al, 2011; Li et al, 2013). Ethylene production could be the link between NH 4 + accumulation and NH 4 + toxic symptoms, as the inhibition of ethylene production ameliorated the symptoms of NH 4 + toxicity even when NH 4 + concentrations in leaves are still high (Li et al, 2013).…”

Root growth inhibition by NH4+ in Arabidopsis is mediated by the root tip and is linked to NH4+ efflux and GMPase activity

“…Previous studies have explored several important physiological links in the development of NH4 + toxicity, such as rhizosphere acidification, nutrient imbalance, damage to the photosynthesis system and carbohydrate limitation (Gerendas et al 1997;. Moreover, NH4 +mediated inhibition of primary root development have been suggested to be linked to auxin transport or signalling pathways when plants were reared in low-K + media (Cao, Glass & Crawford 1993), and ethylene evolution has been observed in seedlings that accumulate excessive NH4 + in shoots (Barker 1999;You & Barker 2004).…”