Ethylene, Enzymatic and Respiratory Pattern Evolution in Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) cv. Golden Nugget in the Last four Sequential Stages of Maturation

Abstract

There is some controversy regarding the respiratory pattern of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica [Thunb.] Lindl.). Thus in order to provide information on this aspect of loquat, fruit of 50-70 g, from cv. Golden Nugget were harvested in four stages of maturity: green (BBCH 709), color break (BBCH 801), yellow (BBCH 807), and orange (BBCH 809). The parameters evaluated in each stage were: soluble solids, titratable acidity, respiration, ethylene generation, and activity of the enzymes pectin methyl esterase (PME), peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase (PPO), polygalacturonase (PG), and cellulose, and the soluble solids:acidity ratio was calculated. The results show that ethylene concentration increased at the time of color break, which was not the case for the change in the respiratory rate. The activity of the peroxidase enzyme increased from the green stage to color break, while the enzymes PME, cellulase, and PG showed a constant reduction from the green to the orange stage, and PPO showed no change over the four stages studied. With regards to quality, from color break onwards soluble solids increased to 11.8 ºBrix and titratable acidity dropped from 0.67 to 0.28 g L -1 malic acid. Based on these results, the conclusion is that towards the end of its development loquat cv. Golden Nugget evidence enzymatic and ethylene behavior similar to that of climacteric fruits.

Effect of ripening stage on postharvest quality of abiu (Pouteria caimito) fruit during storage

“…As increasing the fruit maturity stage, the SSC also increases, but the TA decreases. It might be due to the conversion of acid to sugar (gluconeogenesis) (Undurraga et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2021). Additionally, the SSC of abiu fruit on each maturity stage increased, and the TA content decreased throughout the storage period.…”

Ethylene biosynthesis and perception during ripening of loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)

“…In fruit of several loquat cultivars a climacteric-like increase in ethylene production and respiration rate are coincident with the change in peel colour, suggesting a climacteric ripening pattern (Hamauzu et al, 1997;Amoros et al, 2003;Jiang et al, 2011). Other authors only reported increases in ethylene production but not in the respiration rate (Undurraga et al, 2011). In a recent study, we found a significant increment in ethylene production in on-tree fruit but the application of the ethylene-releasing compound, ethephon, did not induce an autocatalytic enhancement of the ethylene production rate.…”

Fast detection of moisture content and freshness for loquats using optical fiber spectroscopy

“…Lindl.) is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree belonging to the family Rosaceae, specifically the subfamily Pomoideae, native to southeast China (Undurraga et al., 2011 ). It is characterized by a rich source of phenolics and carotenoids (Li, Xu, & Chen, 2016 ).…”

“…Lindl.) is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree belonging to the family Rosaceae, specifically the subfamily Pomoideae, native to southeast China (Undurraga et al, 2011).It is characterized by a rich source of phenolics and carotenoids (Li, Xu, & Chen, 2016). Furthermore, cough and reducing phlegm which is particularly significant, so it is deeply loved for its dual-purpose medicine and food (Huang et al, 2021).…”

“…Lindl.) is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree belonging to the family Rosaceae, specifically the subfamily Pomoideae, native to southeast China (Undurraga et al, 2011).…”