Ethylene biosynthesis and strigol-induced germination of Striga asiatica

Babiker, A. G. T.; Ejeta, Gebisa; Butler, Larry G.; Woodson, William R.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1993.880221.x

Cited by 20 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…We made similar observations while evaluating some genotypes of cowpea, soybean, and groundnut for their possible use as trap crops to S. hermonthica (C. Botanga, and S. Lagoke, unpublished data, 1997). Our result is consistent with reports of increased sensitivity of Striga seeds to germination stimulants with length of preconditioning period (Worsham, 1987; Babiker et al, 1993). Babiker et al (1993) also pointed out that a major step in the preconditioning process is the release of a restriction on ethylene biosynthesis from the precursor 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Genetics of Suicidal Germination of (Del.) Benth by Cotton

Botanga¹,

Alabi²,

Echekwu³

et al. 2003

Crop Science

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The germination of giant witchweed [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth], a noxious root parasite of many cereal crops, is stimulated by exudates from the roots of both host and non‐host trap plants. Forty genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L.), a trap crop, were screened in the laboratory, using the cut‐root technique, to investigate the variability among these genotypes for their ability to stimulate suicidal germination of S. hermonthica and to determine the inheritance of the trait. The genotypes exhibited significant differences for the trait. S. hermonthica seed germination percentages ranged from 13.3 to 50.0% for the cotton genotypes compared with 47.3% for the susceptible sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)] cultivar CK60B. Three cotton genotypes were selected based on their S. hermonthica seed germination stimulation and used as parents in crosses of the combination low × high S. hermonthica seed germination stimulation. The F1s, F2s, and parents of the crosses, RASA(78)11b × ‘SAMCOT‐10’ and RASA(78)11b x TX‐CABS‐1‐83 were evaluated in separate experiments in batches of 12 entries. Broadsense heritability estimates for the trait ranged from 71.8 to 78.5%. This was reflected in the discrete frequency distribution of the F2 populations into two classes of high and low S. hermonthica seed germination stimulation, fitting a classical 3:1 phenotypic ratio. These results suggest that S. hermonthica seed germination stimulation by cotton is a qualitatively inherited trait, and that the gene controlling this trait is monogenic and simply inherited, with high S. hermonthica seed germination stimulation dominant over low S. hermonthica seed germination stimulation. It should be possible to select and breed cotton genotypes that produce highly active germination stimulants in large amounts, while maintaining or improving other agronomic attributes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Genetics of Suicidal Germination of (Del.) Benth by Cotton

Botanga¹,

Alabi²,

Echekwu³

et al. 2003

Crop Science

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“…Ethene (ethylene) gas is a plant growth regulator and is capable of inducing the germination of a limited number of parasitic weed species, particularly S. asiatica and S. hermonthica (but not Orobanche spp.) in the absence of the host plants 60–63. In fact, ethene gas, injected under high pressure in the soil using special equipment, was employed to eradicate Striga asiatica L. in the USA 63…”

Section: Non‐strigolactones As Natural Germination Stimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and function of natural and synthetic signalling molecules in parasitic weed germination

Zwanenburg

Mwakaboko

Reizelman

et al. 2009

Pest Management Science

218

192

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The structures of naturally occurring germination stimulants for seeds of the parasitic weeds Striga spp. and Orobanche spp. are described. The bioactiphore in this strigolactone family of stimulants is deduced from a structure-activity relationship and shown to reside in the CD part of the stimulant molecule. A molecular mechanism for the initial stages of seed germination is proposed. The influence of stereochemistry on the stimulant activity is significant. Combining this molecular information leads to a model for the design of synthetic strigolactones. Nijmegen-1 is a typical example of a highly active, newly designed synthetic stimulant. The occurrence of natural stimulants not belonging to the strigolactone family, such as cotylenin and parthenolide, is briefly described. The biosynthesis of natural strigolactones from beta-carotene is analysed in terms of isolated and predicted stimulants. This scheme will be helpful in the search for new strigolactones from root exudates. Protein fishing experiments to isolate and characterise the receptor protein using biotin-labelled GR 24 are described. A receptor protein of 60 kD was identified by this method. Nijmegen-1 has been tested as a suicidal germination agent in field trials on tobacco infested by Orobanche ramosa L. The preliminary results are highly rewarding. Finally, some future challenges in synthesis are described. These include synthesising new natural and synthetic stimulants and establishing the molecular connection between strigolactones as germination stimulants, as the branching factor for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and as an inhibitor of shoot branching.

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“…Preconditioned Striga and Orobanche seed germination is stimulated by plant metabolites produced by the host plant 58, 59. In the absence of a susceptible host plant, seed germination of parasitic plants is suicidal.…”

Section: Speculations and Alternative Approaches For Enhancement Of Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of a susceptible host plant, seed germination of parasitic plants is suicidal. Trap crops and germination stimulants have been utilized to reduce the striga seed bank in infested soils 59…”

Section: Speculations and Alternative Approaches For Enhancement Of Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for selecting hypervirulent biocontrol agents of weeds: why and how

Sands

Pilgeram

2009

Pest Management Science

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A considerable number of plant pathogens have been studied for their possible use in weed control. Some have proven virulent enough to control weed species and to compete commercially with chemical herbicides. However, most pathogens of weeds are not useful in their wild form because they are not sufficiently host-specific and/or virulent. The authors believe that these barriers can be overcome. The present research has focused on the inhibitory effects of certain amino acids on the growth and development of specific plants. Pathogens that overproduce these selected amino acids can be easily selected from a pool of spontaneous mutants. Such mutants can have increased pathogenicity to their target weed and enhanced field performance as biocontrol agents. Enhancement of biocontrol efficacy in three separate pathogen-host systems, two with Fusarium and one with Pseudomonas, has already been reported. It is proposed to use the same technology to enhance the biocontrol efficacy of the two species of Fusarium that are host-specific pathogens of the broomrape group of parasitic weeds. The stepwise approach outlined can lead to obtaining enhanced biocontrol agents capable of producing inhibitory levels of selected amino acids in situ. It is proposed that these approaches, in combination with other methods of virulence enhancement, will lead to sustainable systems of biological control of parasitic weeds.

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Ethylene biosynthesis and strigol-induced germination of Striga asiatica

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Genetics of Suicidal Germination of (Del.) Benth by Cotton

Genetics of Suicidal Germination of (Del.) Benth by Cotton

Structure and function of natural and synthetic signalling molecules in parasitic weed germination

Methods for selecting hypervirulent biocontrol agents of weeds: why and how

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