Ethylene as a synthon in carbonylative synthesis

Xu, Jian‐Xing; Yang, Yuan; Wu, Xiao‐Feng

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214947

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…"Brovadez-20" is a disinfectant, where the active substance is a compound of organic nature with covalent weakly polar bonds -alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. This surface active agent (surfactant) is able to exert a bactericidal effect on staphylococci, streptococci, gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, etc., as well as anaerobic bacteria and fungi (Kim et al, 2020;Denis et al, 2023;Xu et al, 2023;Duarte et al, 2024).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of disinfectant activity against bee pathogenic enterobacteria in vitro

Romanishina,

Lakhman,

Galatiuk

et al. 2024

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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Dysbiosis is a pathological condition caused by violating the normal coexistence of bacterial organisms in one or more body systems. This disease arises due to the action of many ethological factors, the mechanisms of which arise from each other. Klebsiellosis of bee colonies is a relatively new disease of Apis mellifera, caused by pathogenic enterobacteria, which leads to the mass death of bees with signs of acute dyspepsia, particularly in the spring and autumn periods. To prevent klebsiellosis in bees, it is necessary to carry out veterinary and sanitary measures in apiaries every year, including disinfection. Modern beekeeping encourages the search for new antibacterial drugs to ensure the production technology of safe and high-quality beekeeping products suitable for sale. Preliminary laboratory assessment (in vitro) of the effectiveness of disinfectants against specific pathogens of specific diseases of bees will ensure an increase in the effectiveness of such agents in apiaries, which is economically effective for practical beekeeping. The purpose of the research was to determine the activity of different concentrations of the disinfectant (0.25 %, 0.5 %, 1.25 %, 2.5 %) with an active substance of an organic nature with covalent weakly polar bonds against pure cultures of pathogenic enterobacteria of bees of the species Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes in vitro. The modified Kirby-Baur method on Mueller-Hinton agar was used for research. A bactericidal effect against a pure culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae species was registered after 24 hours with lysis zone diameters at 8.6 ± 0.27 mm (0.25 % concentration) – 15.0 ± 0.35 mm (2.5 % concentration). On the 3rd day of research, a bacteriostatic effect was registered with the largest diameter of the zone of growth retardation (24.4 ± 0.27 mm) at 2.5 % disinfectant concentration. Bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects were recorded on the culture of enterobacteria of bees of the species Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes for 24 hours of cultivation with zones of lysis – 6.8 ± 0.42 mm (0.25 %) – 11.8 ± 0.22 mm (2.5 %) and inhibition of bacterial growth at the level of – 21.8 ± 0.42 mm (0.25 %) – 25.8 ± 0.42 mm (2.5 %). At the same time, there was no significant difference between the zones of Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes growth retardation in concentrations of 0.5 % – 2.5 % on the 3rd day of research. The studied disinfectant has bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on pure cultures of bee enterobacteria of the species Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes in laboratory conditions, which is promising for further study of the drug.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of disinfectant activity against bee pathogenic enterobacteria in vitro

Romanishina,

Lakhman,

Galatiuk

et al. 2024

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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“…The lighter and heavier hydrocarbon, e.g., ethane and naphtha, respectively, is the primary feedstock to produce ethylene by steam cracking. This process consists of the thermal conversion of hydrocarbons at high temperatures >750 °C through gas-phase reactions into ethylene as a primary product and other lighter olefins with hydrogen . The steam cracking process is highly endothermic with complex separation processes, making it a significant energy- and carbon-intensive process that emits ∼2 tons of CO 2 per ton of ethylene, depending on the feedstock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process consists of the thermal conversion of hydrocarbons at high temperatures >750 °C through gas-phase reactions into ethylene as a primary product and other lighter olefins with hydrogen. 1 The steam cracking process is highly endothermic with complex separation processes, making it a significant energy-and carbon-intensive process that emits ∼2 tons of CO 2 per ton of ethylene, depending on the feedstock. This has led to the global CO 2 emission of 366 MMT/year, which is ∼1% of the global carbon emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethylene is known as one of the significant building blocks in the chemical industries. The worldwide production capacity of ethylene has enhanced from 214.3 million metric tons (MMT) to 227.6 MMT from 2021 to 2023, respectively, and global demand will reach ∼287 MMT by 2030. − Ethylene is the leading contributor in the olefin market and is the most significant monomer derived from petrochemicals, which is used as a raw material to produce several commercially valuable products like polyester, polyethylene (e.g., plastics), polyvinyl chloride, resins, fibers, and packaging materials. Figure shows the essential products and their derivatives produced from ethylene. , Ethylene is also used to produce several other valuable chemicals like styrene, ethylbenzene, ethylene glycol, ethylene oxide, surfactants, synthetic lubricants, and detergents. ,, From an economic point of view, the global ethylene market will be ∼$161 billion in 2026, growing with a compound annual growth rate of ∼7% .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advancements in Environmentally Sustainable Technologies for Ethylene Production

Chauhan,

Sartape,

Minocha

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Rapid advancements in renewable energy and the staggering environmental impact of ethylene production have made the quest for "green ethylene" urgent. This Review explores traditional and emerging methods for ethylene production, focusing on the transition from conventional to electrified processes. The global importance of ethylene industry, valued at $230 billion, cannot be overlooked. However, its significant contribution of 150 million t of annual CO 2 emissions necessitates adopting carbon-negative and sustainable approaches. The declining cost of renewable energy has sparked interest in electrified processes, including electric crackers and electrochemical reactors for ethylene production. This Review provides a balanced overview of the performance attributes of conventional reactors, such as conversion, selectivity, and operating temperatures, and the crucial features of electrochemical reactors, including Faradaic efficiency and current density. Operating electrochemical reactors poses their own challenges, such as corrosion and lower energy efficiencies, which are discussed in detail. The Review also examines the economic aspects of "green ethylene" production, identifying challenges and opportunities. A comprehensive roadmap is presented to meet the global production scale of green ethylene. This roadmap outlines the steps needed to transition from conventional to electrified processes, ensuring a sustainable and environmentally friendly future for ethylene production. In summary, we emphasize the urgent need for carbon-negative ethylene production and provide transition pathways from conventional to electrochemical processes. The Review also provides insights into the performance attributes of different reactors, discusses their challenges, and presents an economic analysis.

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“…36 Catalytic carbonylation represents a direct and efficient tool; in particular, difunctionalized carbonylation based on alkenes allows the simultaneous introduction of two building units, including the carbonyl group, enabling the synthesis of functionalized carbonylated compounds. [37][38][39][40] Among them, visible light-induced radical carbonylation has received much attention because it can avoid certain disadvantages of conventional thermal based methods and promote the formation of radicals under relatively mild conditions. [41][42][43][44] The trichloromethyl group has been well installed in alkenes as a trichloromethyl radical equivalent, generated by visible-light-induced Cl-atom abstraction of CCl 4 .…”

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confidence: 99%