Ethylene and flower petal senescence: Interrelationship with membrane lipid catabolism

Borochov, Amihud; Spiegelstein, Hanna; Philosoph‐Hadas, Sonia

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1997.1000323.x

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In addition, DAG level increased before to the burst of ethylene in Petunia flower senescence. 100 Secondary messenger calcium levels increase in leaves concomitant with senescence 101 and in the orchid Phalaenopsis, exogenous calcium increased flower sensitivity to applied ethylene accelerating senescence. 102 The possibility thus exists that the calcium wave is the signal for onset of senescence.…”

Section: Non-hormonal Regulation Of Flower Senescencementioning

confidence: 98%

Integrated Signaling in Flower Senescence

Tripathi

Tuteja

2007

Plant Signaling & Behavior

107

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Flower senescence is the terminal phase of developmental processes that lead to the death of flower, which include, flower wilting, shedding of flower parts and fading of blossoms. Since it is a rapid process as compared to the senescence of other parts of the plant it therefore provides excellent model system for the study of senescence. During flower senescence, developmental and environmental stimuli enhance the upregulation of catabolic processes causing breakdown and remobilization of cellular constituents. Ethylene is well known to play regulatory role in ethylene-sensitive flowers while in ethylene-insensitive flowers abscisic acid (ABA) is thought to be primary regulator. Subsequent to perception of flower senescence signal, death of petals is accompanied by the loss of membrane permeability, increase in oxidative and decreased level of protective enzymes. The last stages of senescence involve the loss of of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), proteins and organelles, which is achieved by activation of several nucleases, proteases and wall modifiers. Environmental stimuli such as pollination, drought and other stresses also affect senescence by hormonal imbalance. In this article we have covered the following: perception mechanism and specificity of flower senescence, flower senescence-associated events, like degradation of cell membranes, proteins and nucleic acids, environmental/external factors affecting senescence, like pollination and abiotic stress, hormonal and non-hormonal regulation of flower/petal senescence and finally the senescence associated genes (SAGs) have also been described.

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Section: Non-hormonal Regulation Of Flower Senescencementioning

confidence: 98%

Integrated Signaling in Flower Senescence

Tripathi

Tuteja

2007

Plant Signaling & Behavior

107

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“…Although complex lipids were degraded, the level of neutral lipids remained fairly constant throughout senescence. In other plant senescing tissues, increases in neutral lipid biosynthesis have been reported and their adverse effects on the biophysical properties of the membranes described (Borochov et al, 1997;Thompson et al, 1998). Floral tissues contain diacylglycerol acyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for TAG formation (Hobbs et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Novel Lipoxygenase-Independent Senescence Mechanism in Alstroemeria peruviana Floral Tissue

Leverentz¹,

Wagstaff

Rogers

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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The role of lipoxygenase (lox) in senescence of Alstroemeria peruviana flowers was investigated using a combination of in vitro assays and chemical profiling of the lipid oxidation products generated. Phospholipids and galactolipids were extensively degraded during senescence in both sepals and petals and the ratio of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids increased. Lox protein levels and enzymatic activity declined markedly after flower opening. Stereochemical analysis of lox products showed that 13-lox was the major activity present in both floral tissues and high levels of 13-keto fatty acids were also synthesized. Lipid hydroperoxides accumulated in sepals, but not in petals, and sepals also had a higher chlorophyll to carotenoid ratio that favors photooxidation of lipids. Loss of membrane semipermeability was coincident for both tissue types and was chronologically separated from lox activity that had declined by over 80% at the onset of electrolyte leakage. Thus, loss of membrane function was not related to lox activity or accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides per se and differs in these respects from other ethylene-insensitive floral tissues representing a novel pattern of flower senescence.

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“…Ethylene enhances membrane senescence symptoms and has been suggested to initiate this chain of events ( Thompson et al 1982). However, in a recent study ( Borochov et al 1997), ethylene was shown to be a mediator of flower senescence rather than its trigger. Accordingly, a relationship between membrane lipid catabolism and ethylene production was established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Calcium regulation of senescence in rose petals

Torre

Borochov

Halevy

1999

Physiologia Plantarum

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Rose plants grown at high relative humidity (RH) produce flowers with a shorter vase life than those grown at low RH. The calcium content of the former is lower than that of the latter. The present study was conducted to examine the possible involvement of calcium in the regulation of rose flower senescence. In whole cut flowers and in detached petals of cvs Mercedes and Baroness, CaCl2 treatment promoted bud‐opening and delayed senescence. The treated flowers stayed turgid and continued their initial postharvest growth for longer periods of time. The membrane protein content in detached petals decreased with time, in parallel to the decline in membrane phospholipids (PLs). Calcium treatment delayed the decrease in both membrane proteins and PL and increased ATPase activity in the aging petals. Electrolyte leakage, which is a reliable indicator of petal‐membrane senescence, was postponed in calcium‐treated flowers. Calcium treatments also sukppressed ethylene production with age. We suggest that the calcium‐induced delay in rose petal senescence involves the protection of membrane proteins and PLs from degradation, thus preserving the integrity of the membranes, reducing ethylene production, and hence maintaining solute transport and tissue vitality.

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Ethylene and flower petal senescence: Interrelationship with membrane lipid catabolism

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Integrated Signaling in Flower Senescence

Integrated Signaling in Flower Senescence

Characterization of a Novel Lipoxygenase-Independent Senescence Mechanism in Alstroemeria peruviana Floral Tissue

Calcium regulation of senescence in rose petals

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