Ethnobotany of the Useful Native Species in Linares, Nuevo León, México

Abstract

In Linares, Nuevo León, Mexico, there is no record of the total number of species or the uses that people make of native plants. The purpose of this study was to know the species and their uses in the municipality of Linares, Nuevo León, Mexico. Based on 180 semi-structured interviews, collection, identification, and storage of botanical specimens, the regional ethnobotanical knowledge was assessed. The ethnobotanical information and significant use of plants in Linares was studied. To identify the cultural importance of the ethnobotanical uses of the plants, three indices were calculated: the Use Value Index (UVI), the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), and the Fidelity Level (FL). We recorded 59 plant families, 151 genera, and 152 species. The families with the largest number of genera and species with uses registered are Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Cactaceae, Araceae, and Euphorbiaceae. The most common uses recorded are ornamental, medicinal, food, and forage. The highest values for ICF were for the circulatory, endocrine, and digestive systems. At least 20 species had 100% FL index values. The species with the highest UVI values were Equisetum laevigatum, Persea ameriana, Amaranthus palmeri, Lophophora williamsii, and Artemisia ludoviciana. A wide use of native flora is recognized in Linares, Nuevo León, which directly influences the livelihood of people in the area.

The Fabaceae in Northeastern Mexico (Subfamily Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae Clade, Tribes Mimoseae, Acacieae, and Ingeae)

“…Vachellia farnesiana is a typical component of areas with anthropogenic disturbance, overgrazing, and excessive extraction of vegetation. Its hard, resistant wood is used in the region for fence posts, house columns, roofs, log making, firewood, furniture, shelving, hand tools, and flooring [62,76]. Representative examined material: Tamaulipas: 30-V-1967, H. Puig 2441 (MEXU).…”

“…Its hard and resistant wood is widely used for the construction of houses, roofs, floors, and hand tools. Its leaves and fruits are used as fodder for domestic livestock [74,76]. Comments: Endemic to northeastern Mexico.…”

“…Popularly known of tenaza. In rural areas is used extensively for the manufacture of manual utensils, poles, chairs, and tables of great resistance [74,76] Petiole winged or unwinged, with a gland almost always between the insertion of each pair of leaflets. Inflorescences axillar o cauliflorous, arranged in spheric capitula, racemes, panicles, or umbels.…”