Ethno-ecological evidence for Hydnora abyssinica occurring in Johannesburg and Durban traditional medicine markets

Williams, Vivienne L.; Wojtasik, E.M.; Witkowski, E.T.F.

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2010.08.005

Cited by 12 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Faraday Street market is located south of the Johannesburg CBD, Gauteng Province (Williams 2003), and is South Africa's second largest market for medicinal plants, and the wholesale and retail center for trade in TM in Gauteng (Williams 2003;Williams et al 2007a, b).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chairpersons at both markets granted permission to hold formal interviews with the traders. A questionnaire was developed by adapting the questionnaires from Mander et al (2007) and Williams et al (2007c).…”

Section: Pre-survey Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples of Encephalartos stem pieces valued at 10 ZAR (South African Rand (≈USD 1.24, mean April-July 2009) were purchased from each stall where the genus was sold, irrespective of whether the trader participated in an interview. In South African TM markets, traders typically sell small volumes of plants equivalent to a "handful" for a set unit price that changes periodically with inflation and with increases in harvesting costs (Botha et al 2007;Williams et al 2007b). At the time of the surveys, the set unit price for a handful of Encephalartos was 10 ZAR at both markets.…”

Section: Market Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the quantity present at each stall was visually estimated as the volume equivalent to that of a 50-kg size maize bag or proportion thereof. This unit was used since medicinal plants are frequently transported to the markets and displayed in these bags (Williams et al 2007b). Visual estimates were done by the same interviewer at both markets.…”

Section: Quantifying Levels Of Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trade employs >133,000 people, supplies approximately 27,000,000 consumers with >771 plant species (Mander et al 2007), and is fueled by soaring population growth, pervasive unemployment, and the high cultural value of TM (Dold and Cocks 2002). Commercialization of TM negatively affects many popular plant species, and intensive commercial harvesting of wild flora is a serious threat to biodiversity (Botha et al 2004;Dold and Cocks 2002;Williams et al 2000). Hence, many wild populations of indigenous plants, including Encephalartos species, are in danger of overexploitation and extinction (Botha et al 2004;Dold and Cocks 2002;Williams et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying the Trade in Cycads (Encephalartos Species) in the Traditional Medicine Markets of Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa1

2011

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Quantifying the Trade in Cycads (Encephalartos Species) in the Traditional MedicineMarkets of Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa. Cycads have been used for traditional purposes for centuries, mainly as a source of starch during droughts and famines. In South Africa, Encephalartos species are traded for traditional medicine (TM) in local TM markets. The 2009 IUCN Red Data assessment for South African flora lists 78% of the 37 indigenous Encephalartos species as "Threatened", with three species already "Extinct in the Wild" (EW). South African cycads face an extinction crisis, primarily due to collecting for the horticultural trade. The trade in Encephalartos for TM also has a significant impact on several species, and is largely understudied. In this paper, the trade in Encephalartos for TM was quantified in South Africa's two largest TM markets, Faraday in Johannesburg and Warwick in Durban. Harvesting of South African Encephalartos for TM involves the removal of bark strips and/or whole stem sections. Encephalartos species were sold at 26% and 13% of the stalls at Faraday and Warwick, respectively, with an estimated 9.0 metric tons traded at Warwick in 2009. Stem samples purchased in the markets were assigned to stem diameter size classes using a size class chart, and regression analysis was used to validate the allocations. Most harvesting was from sub-adult and adult cycads, and it appears that bark strips are removed from large arborescent plants, whereas smaller individuals and subterranean-stemmed species are harvested by removing the entire plant. There is generally a positive relationship between stem diameter and leaf base length as well as stem diameter and pith radius. The former can be used as a predictor of stem diameter size class for market samples that prove difficult to assign to diameter classes using the chart. Overall, this is the first study to quantify the trade in Encephalartos for TM in South Africa with reference to the size classes of the plants traded.

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Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pre-survey Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Market Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantifying Levels Of Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying the Trade in Cycads (Encephalartos Species) in the Traditional Medicine Markets of Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa1

2011

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Prosopanche: A remarkable genus of parasitic plants

Hatt

Cameron

Grace

et al. 2022

Plants People Planet

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Prosopanche is a poorly known genus of parasitic plants from South and Central America. Growing almost entirely underground with a complete lack of leaves, plants of Prosopanche bear more resemblance to fungi than plants and have many remarkable aspects to their life history and ecology that require further investigation. Here, we provide an up‐to‐date revision of the current state of understanding of Prosopanche, including taxonomy, biogeography, plant‐pollinator ecology and host‐parasite interactions. We discuss the untapped research potential of this group of plants and recommend the Prosopanche as an ideal candidate for exploring the evolutionary origins of parasitism among flowering plants.

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A taxonomic revision of the genus Hydnora (Hydnoraceae)

Hatt,

Thorogood,

Bolin

et al. 2024

Kew Bull

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SummaryA systematic monograph is presented for Hydnora (Hydnoraceae), a poorly known genus of holoparasitic plants distributed across Africa, Madagascar and southern Arabia. Species of Hydnora are characterised by their underground habit, unusual fleshy flowers and complete absence of leaves or photosynthetic tissue. This is the first detailed monograph of the genus Hydnora since 1935 and is informed by a comprehensive survey of herbarium specimens and literature. Detailed descriptions, full synonymy, distribution maps and discussion concerning confusable taxa are provided for each species, along with notes on ethnobotany, ecology and conservation. We place particular emphasis on the taxonomic value of osmophore geometry and positioning in living and dried material, which are highly consistent within species. We also provide the first detailed assessment of host range across the genus. Hydnora hanningtonii Rendle and H. solmsiana Dinter are reinstated from synonymy, and H. bolinii S.Hatt is newly described here. The infrageneric classification is reviewed and a key is provided for both living and dried material. Species are accompanied by both illustrations and photographs of living and dried material where possible.

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Ethno-ecological evidence for Hydnora abyssinica occurring in Johannesburg and Durban traditional medicine markets

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Quantifying the Trade in Cycads (Encephalartos Species) in the Traditional Medicine Markets of Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa1

Quantifying the Trade in Cycads (Encephalartos Species) in the Traditional Medicine Markets of Johannesburg and Durban, South Africa1

Prosopanche: A remarkable genus of parasitic plants

A taxonomic revision of the genus Hydnora (Hydnoraceae)

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