Despite little scholarly attention, Middle Eastern Christian Churches are a well-established element of the European religious landscape. Based on collaborative research, this article examines how three mutual field visits facilitated a deeper understanding of the complexity that characterises church establishment and activities among Iraqi, Assyrian/Syriac and Coptic Orthodox Christians in 2 the UK, Sweden and Denmark. Exploring analytical dimensions of space, diversity, size, and minority position we identify three positions of Middle Eastern Christians: in London as the epitome of super-diversity, in Copenhagen as a silenced minority within a minority, and in Södertälje as a visible majority within a minority.
KeywordsIdentity formation, Middle Eastern Christians, migrant churches, multi-sited fieldwork, superdiversity 1. Introduction St Mark's Coptic Orthodox Church in Kensington, London, was completely full. It was Palm Sunday and three of us were taking part in the Holy Liturgy service. Lucky to get a folding chair we were squeezed in between the last pew and the participants who were less lucky and had to stand. A woman in front of us was platting crosses of straw and shortly after we arrived she gave us each one, as she did for other newcomers. After a couple of hours of preaching and reading, switching between English, Arabic and Coptic, we left the church. Next stop was Ealing, 10 kilometers and 45 minutes away, where we attended the evangelical service of Living Water Arabic Church. The service was introduced by loud rhythmic music performed by a choir and accompanied by the preacher playing the keyboard. Almost an hour later he gave an engaged speech in Arabic with simultaneous interpretation into English. Fewer people were present, but we noticed with surprise that one of the women attending had also attended the morning's service at St Mark's.