Ethnic Variation in Bone Turnover in Pre- and Early Perimenopausal Women: Effects of Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors

Finkelstein, Joel S.; Sowers, MaryFran; Greendale, Gail A.; Lee, Mei‐Ling Ting; Neer, Robert M.; Cauley, Jane A.; Ettinger, Bruce

doi:10.1210/jcem.87.7.8480

Cited by 62 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Increased sCD14 levels likely reflect bone resorption due to its presence on cells of the osteoclast lineage. Bone turnover is higher in whites than in African-Americans [49][50][51], and hip fractures are associated with higher bone turnover [52,53]. If sCD14 was simply reflective of bone turnover, one would have assumed, contrary to what we found, that the relationship between sCD14 and hip fractures would be independent of race or diabetes status.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Soluble CD14 and fracture risk

et al. 2015

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Summary Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is an inflammatory marker associated with osteoclasts. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we found a positive association between plasma levels of sCD14 and risk of incident fracture among participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study. sCD14 may be useful in identifying those at risk for fracture. Introduction Soluble CD14, a proinflammatory cytokine, is primarily derived from macrophages/monocytes that can differentiate into osteoclasts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sCD14 levels and osteoporotic fractures. Methods In the Cardiovascular Health Study, 5462 men and women had sCD14 levels measured at baseline. Incident hip fractures (median follow-up time 12.5 years) and incident composite fractures (defined as the first hip, pelvis, humerus, or distal radius fracture, median follow-up 8.6 years) were identified from hospital discharge summaries and/or Medicare claims data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to model the association between sCD14 levels and time to incident hip or composite fracture, overall and as a function of race and gender.Results In unadjusted models, there was a positive association between sCD14 levels (per 1 standard deviation increase, i.e., 361.6 ng/mL) and incident hip (HR, 1.26; 95 % CI, 1.17, 1.36) and composite (HR, 1.20; 95 % CI, 1.12, 1.28) fractures. When models were fully adjusted for demographics, lifestyle factors, and medication use, these associations were no longer significant. However, in whites, the association of sCD14 levels with hip fractures remained significant in fully adjusted models (HR, 1.11; 95 % CI, 1.01-1.23). Associations of sCD14 levels with hip and composite fracture did not differ between men and women. Conclusions In this large cohort of community-dwelling older adults, higher sCD14 levels were associated with an increased risk of incident hip fractures in whites.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Soluble CD14 and fracture risk

et al. 2015

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“…In our sample, the number of ART-naïve subjects was too few to determine whether the high correlation of osteocalcin and NTX is a result of ART, as observed by Aukrust et al [6] or of estrogen deficiency, which is also associated with increases in both osteocalcin and NTX levels [29]. Serum osteocalcin levels also vary with ethnicity, anthropometric measures, season and geographic locale [30]. Data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) reveal that unadjusted osteocalcin levels are 11% higher in Caucasians than in African Americans, and 21-24% higher in Caucasians than in Asians [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Serum osteocalcin levels also vary with ethnicity, anthropometric measures, season and geographic locale [30]. Data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) reveal that unadjusted osteocalcin levels are 11% higher in Caucasians than in African Americans, and 21-24% higher in Caucasians than in Asians [30]. Unfortunately, no data exist for Hispanic women for comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone mass and mineral metabolism in HIV+ postmenopausal women

et al. 2005

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The objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for osteoporosis in HIV+ postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and biochemical indices of mineral metabolism were measured in 31 Hispanic and African American HIV+ postmenopausal women. BMD was compared with 186 historical controls, matched for age, ethnicity and postmenopausal status. Mean BMD was significantly lower at the lumbar spine and total hip in the HIV+ group, as compared with controls. Prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the HIV+ group than controls at the lumbar spine (42% vs 23%, p=0.03) and total hip (10% vs 1%, p=0.003). Among HIV+ women, time since menopause and weight were significant predictors of BMD, while duration or class of

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“…Higher BMD is believed to protect against fracture. In population studies, BMD is consistently higher in African American women than in white women [1,4,24] at every level of body weight [19,20] and could contribute to their lower fracture rates. However, differences in hip geometry could also contribute.…”

Section: Do Risk Factors For Fracture Differ By Ethnicity and Race?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Ethnic and Racial Differences in Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

Cauley

2011

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Osteoporotic fractures are a major public health issue. The literature suggests there are variations in occurrence of fractures by ethnicity and race. Questions/purposes My purpose is to review current literature related to the influence of ethnicity and race on the (1) epidemiology of fracture; (2) prevalence of osteoporosis by bone mineral density; (3) consequences of osteoporotic hip fracture; (4) differences in risk fracture for fracture; and (5) disparities in screening, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods Current literature was selectively reviewed related to osteoporosis, ethnicity, and race. Results Ethnicity and race, like sex, influence the epidemiology of fractures, with highest fracture rates in white women. Bone mineral density is higher in African Americans; however, these women are more likely to die after hip fracture, have longer hospital stays, and are less likely to be ambulatory at discharge. Consistent risk factors for fracture across ethnicity include older age, lower bone mineral density, previous history of fracture, and history of two or more falls. Ethnic and racial disparities exist in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis. Conclusions Across ethnic and racial groups, more women experience fractures than the combined number of women who experience breast cancer, myocardial infarction, and coronary death in 1 year. Prevention efforts should target all women, irrespective of their race/ethnicity, especially if they have multiple risk factors.

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Ethnic Variation in Bone Turnover in Pre- and Early Perimenopausal Women: Effects of Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors

Cited by 62 publications

References 30 publications

Soluble CD14 and fracture risk

Soluble CD14 and fracture risk

Bone mass and mineral metabolism in HIV+ postmenopausal women

Defining Ethnic and Racial Differences in Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

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