Ethnic, socioeconomic, and sex differences in physical activity among adolescents

Sallis, James F.; Zakarian, Joy M.; Hovell, Melbourne F.; Hofstetter, C. Richard

doi:10.1016/0895-4356(95)00514-5

Cited by 316 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The latter disciplines do state that most active play occurs outdoors in both genders (e.g., Sallis et al, 1990;Baranowski et al, 1993) and that # children B3 years or older (and adolescents) are more active than~children and adolescents of the same age (e.g., Armstrong et al, 1990Armstrong et al, , 1991Sallis et al, 1996;Beunen and Thomis, 1999;Bradley et al, 2000). In general, they also find ethnic and socioeconomic ''effects'' in active physical activity (e.g., Sallis et al, 1996), similar to our attributes classes. long noted a geographical and seasonal effect on the allocation of ''discretionary'' time, the precise metrics used here are unique and impossible to put into direct perspective.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

Developing meaningful cohorts for human exposure models

Graham

McCurdy

2004

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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This paper summarizes numerous statistical analyses focused on the US Environmental Protection Agency's Consolidated Human Activity Database (CHAD), used by many exposure modelers as the basis for data on what people do and where they spend their time. In doing so, modelers tend to divide the total population being analyzed into ''cohorts'', to reduce extraneous interindividual variability by focusing on people with common characteristics. Age and gender are typically used as the primary cohort-defining attributes, but more complex exposure models also use weather, day-of-the-week, and employment attributes for this purpose. We analyzed all of these attributes and others to determine if statistically significant differences exist among them to warrant their being used to define distinct cohort groups. We focused our attention mostly on the relationship between cohort attributes and the time spent outdoors, indoors, and in motor vehicles. Our results indicate that besides age and gender, other important attributes for defining cohorts are the physical activity level of individuals, weather factors such as daily maximum temperature in combination with months of the year, and combined weekday/weekend with employment status. Less important are precipitation and ethnic data. While statistically significant, the collective set of attributes does not explain a large amount of variance in outdoor, indoor, or in-vehicle locational decisions. Based on other research, parameters such as lifestyle and life stages that are absent from CHAD might have reduced the amount of unexplained variance. At this time, we recommend that exposure modelers use age and gender as ''first-order'' attributes to define cohorts followed by physical activity level, daily maximum temperature or other suitable weather parameters, and day type possibly beyond a simple weekday/weekend classification.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Developing meaningful cohorts for human exposure models

Graham

McCurdy

2004

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Given that demographics and past park use have been shown to influence perceptions of parks [33,64,65] as well as physical activity and health [29,[66][67][68][69][70], gender, age, income, race/ethnicity, and past park use were controlled for in the four models. To categorize past park use, respondents who indicated that they had not visited a park within the last month were treated as nonvisitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Neighborhood Park Quality: Associations with Physical Activity and Body Mass Index

et al. 2013

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Background Parks are important resources for physical activity (PA), yet few studies have examined how perceptions of park characteristics relate to PA and health. Purpose This study investigated associations between perceptions of neighborhood park quality and overall moderateto-vigorous PA (MVPA), park-based PA, and body mass index (BMI). Methods Data were collected via questionnaire from 893 households in Kansas City, Missouri. Results The newly developed neighborhood park quality scale demonstrated good test-retest and internal reliability. Residents' perceptions of neighborhood park quality were related to PA and health outcomes. Perceiving parks as a benefit was positively related to overall MVPA and park-based PA and negatively related to BMI. Perceptions of well-used parks were positively related to BMI, while perceived cleanliness was negatively related to parkbased PA. Conclusions Better measuring and understanding how perceptions of local parks are associated with PA and health can improve appreciation of how parks facilitate active living.

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“…Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for those who had regular exercise at age 60 and over vious studies 14,15) . Women may perceive more traditional, social and environmental barriers than men to engaging in exercise 8,15) . For instance, exercise has been considered "not ladylike" 16) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported a high frequency of ball games among men across ages 14 to 31 years 21) . Dance and gymnastics were more popular with women 15,22) . Our finding supports the previous gender difference in the traditional preferences for specific types of exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular exercise history as a predictor of exercise in community-dwelling older Japanese people

Kozakai

Ando

Kim

et al. 2012

JPFSM

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A physically active lifestyle is important across the entire life span. However, little is known about life-long participation in regular exercise among older people. The purpose of the present study was to describe regular exercise throughout a person's lifetime and evaluate the impact of exercise earlier in life on participation in exercise at age 60 and over. The participants were 984 community-dwelling older people aged 60 to 86 years. Each participant's life was divided into five age categories: 12-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-59, and 60 years and over. The association between exercise at an earlier age and that at 60 years and over was assessed using logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. Men had exercised throughout their lives more than women. Among women, participation in exercise during their 20s and 30s showed a sharp decline. The preference for exercise differed according to age and gender. Among men, the most common patterns of exercise throughout life were exercise during all the age categories, and starting exercise at age 60 and over; whereas in women the most common pattern was no exercise at all. The adjusted odds ratio of exercise at 40-59 years for exercise at age 60 and over was 5.85 (95% confidence interval: 3.82-8.96) among men and 6.89 (4.23-11.23) among women. Regular exercise in the younger age categories affected exercise at age 60 and over among men, but not among women. Regular exercise at 40-59 years was a strong predictor of exercise at 60 years and over in both men and women.

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Ethnic, socioeconomic, and sex differences in physical activity among adolescents

Cited by 316 publications

References 26 publications

Developing meaningful cohorts for human exposure models

Developing meaningful cohorts for human exposure models

Perceptions of Neighborhood Park Quality: Associations with Physical Activity and Body Mass Index

Regular exercise history as a predictor of exercise in community-dwelling older Japanese people

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