Ethnic diversity and firms' export behavior

Abstract

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Spillovers from immigrant diversity in cities

“…Motivated by similar concerns, Ozgen et al (2013) advocate using measures of depth and breadth in conjunction: the simple proportion of foreign born in the workforce, 9 Seeking to capture dimensions of 'cultural' similarity, Trax et al (2015) weight birthplaces by geographical distance from Germany. The idea that, for instance, Canadian immigrants offer U.S. workers less heuristic heterogeneity than Mongolians is an interesting one, one explored in papers such as Parrotta et al (2016). However, it is not at all clear that geographical distance is the appropriate measure of this idea, or that there ought to be a purely linear relationship between heuristic heterogeneity and productivity.…”

One‐off export events

“…7 Recent publications exploiting comparable Danish firm-level register data include Hummels et al (2014) and Parrotta et al (2016).…”

Immigrant entrepreneurs, diasporas, and exports

“…The controls MNEs and are included for the same reason. In light of the extensive literature on the productivity‐ and export‐enhancing effects of labor force diversity (see, among others, Bombardini, Gallipoli, & Pupato, ; Parrotta, Pozzoli & Sala, ), is included in the regression to assess whether the gains in export performance are mainly to be attributed to the initial level of population diversity rather than to the sizes of the immigrant and immigrant entrepreneur populations . Since the fixed effect that represents our dependent variables has been estimated from a regression, observations are weighted by the inverse of the standard errors of the using weighted least square (WLS) estimates .…”