Ethnic Disparities in Gestational Diabetes

Yuen, Lili; Wong, Vincent W.; Simmons, David

doi:10.1007/s11892-018-1040-2

Cited by 62 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The incidence of GDM is about 2.3-29.6% in different ethnic groups, and it has increased significantly in recent years. 1 At present, 2 h, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 w is used to diagnose GDM in China. Pregnant women with any one of three blood glucose values that are before or 1 or 2 h after taking sugar reaching or exceeding 5.1 mmol/L, 10.0 mmol/L, and 8.5 mmol/L, respectively, are diagnosed GDM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Body Composition in Early Pregnancy is Associated with the Risk of Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Late During the Second Trimester</p>

Liu

Liu²,

Gao

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes both short-and long-term harm to mothers and fetuses. It is important to predict the occurrence of GDM as early as possible and take adequate measures to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between body composition of pregnant women in early pregnancy and the risk of GDM. Subjects and Methods: A total of 1318 pregnant women in the early stage of pregnancy were recruited from the Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Detailed clinical data were recorded. Body composition was determined using the bioimpedance method at 13 weeks of gestation. The association between BMI before pregnancy (pre-BMI), fat mass percentage (FMP) and skeletal muscle mass percentage (SMMP) and the results of glucose tolerance screening in the second trimester of pregnancy were analyzed. Fat mass index (FMI) was calculated using fat mass in kilograms as measured using BIA at 13 weeks of pregnancy divided by the square of the woman's height in meters (kg/m 2) and was analyzed to determine the predictive effect of body fat on GDM. Results: Of the 1318 participants, 249 were diagnosed with GDM and 1069 with normal blood glucose. The FMI and FMP in GDM were higher than in NGT (P<0.001), while the SMMP in GDM was lower than in NGT (P<0.001). Overweight women (pre-BMI≥24kg/m 2) had a higher risk of developing GDM than women with normal pre-BMI (adjusted OR 2.604, 95% CI 1.846-3.673). Women with FMP greater than 28% had a higher risk of developing to GDM than women with normal-range FMP (adjusted OR 1.572, 95% CI 1.104-2.240). When FMI is used to predict the incidence of GDM, the area under the curve (AUC) is 65.8%, which is comparable to BMI (AUC=67.2%). Conclusion: Body composition early during gestation is associated with the risk of GDM. The fat mass index in early pregnancy is a predictor of GDM, and it could be an indicator of the efficacy of any intervention to reduce the risk of GDM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Body Composition in Early Pregnancy is Associated with the Risk of Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Late During the Second Trimester</p>

Liu

Liu²,

Gao

et al. 2020

DMSO

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“…Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects 7-20% of pregnancies and confers an increased risk of pregnancy complications with health consequences for both mother and baby. These risks are related to elevated glucose in GDM, but the relationship is complex, and an individual's risk is modified by interrelated factors, including maternal weight [1,2], gestational weight gain [3], and ethnicity [4]. Accumulating empirical data suggests this phenotypic heterogeneity may be explained by multiple physiologic defects, demonstrable on sophisticated laboratory insulin secretion and sensitivity testing [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unrealised Potential for Predicting Pregnancy Complications in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal

Wijeyaratne

Soldatos

Allotey

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Gestational diabetes (GDM) increases the risk of pregnancy complications. However, these risks are not the same for all affected women and may be mediated by inter-related factors including ethnicity, body mass index and gestational weight gain. This study was conducted to identify, compare, and critically appraise prognostic prediction models for pregnancy complications in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). A systematic review of prognostic prediction models for pregnancy complications in women with GDM was conducted. Critical appraisal was conducted using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). Five prediction modelling studies were identified, from which ten prognostic models primarily intended to predict pregnancy complications related to GDM were developed. While the composition of the pregnancy complications predicted varied, the delivery of a large-for-gestational age neonate was the subject of prediction in four studies, either alone or as a component of a composite outcome. Glycaemic measures and body mass index were selected as predictors in four studies. Model evaluation was limited to internal validation in four studies and not reported in the fifth. Performance was inadequately reported with no useful measures of calibration nor formal evaluation of clinical usefulness. Critical appraisal using PROBAST revealed that all studies were subject to a high risk of bias overall driven by methodologic limitations in statistical analysis. This review demonstrates the potential for prediction models to provide an individualised absolute risk of pregnancy complications for women affected by GDM. However, at present, a lack of external validation and high risk of bias limit clinical application. Future model development and validation should utilise the latest methodological advances in prediction modelling to achieve the evolution required to create a useful clinical tool. Such a tool may enhance clinical decision-making and support a risk-stratified approach to the management of GDM. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019115223.

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“…The most common genetic study of GDM is to find candidate genes that was previously based on biological plausibility [30]. Recently, genome-wide association analysis studies have been used to identify some susceptibility genes associated with GDM [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in Chinese Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Wei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-specific carbohydrate intolerance Which can cause a large number of perinatal and postpartum complications. The members of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily play key roles in the homeostasis of pancreatic β-cell and may involve in the development of GDM. This study aimed to explore the association between the polymorphisms of TGF-β1 , TGF-β3 and the risk to GDM in Chinese women.Methods: This study included 919 GDM patients(464 with preeclampsia and 455 without preeclampsia) and 1177 healthy pregnant women. TaqMan allelic discrimination real-Time PCR was used to genotyped the TGF-β1 (rs4803455) and TGF-β3 (rs2284792 and rs3917201) were by, The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated by chi-square test.Results: An increased frequency of TGF-β3 rs2284792 AA and AG genotype carriers was founded in GDM patients (AA vs. AG+GG: χ²=6.314, P=0.012, OR=1.270, 95%CI 1.054-1.530; AG vs. GG+AA: χ²=8.545, P=0.003, OR=0.773, 95%CI 0.650-0.919). But there were no significant differences in the distribution of TGF-β1 rs4803455 and TGF-β3 rs3917201 between GDM and healthy women. And no significant differences were found in allele and genotype frequencies among GDM patients with preeclampsia (PE). Conclusions: The AA and AG genotype of TGF-β3 rs2284792 polymorphism may be significantly associated with increased risk of GDM in Chinese population.

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Ethnic Disparities in Gestational Diabetes

Cited by 62 publications

References 101 publications

<p>The Body Composition in Early Pregnancy is Associated with the Risk of Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Late During the Second Trimester</p>

<p>The Body Composition in Early Pregnancy is Associated with the Risk of Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Late During the Second Trimester</p>

The Unrealised Potential for Predicting Pregnancy Complications in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal

Polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in Chinese Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Ethnic Disparities in Gestational Diabetes

Cited by 62 publications

References 101 publications

<p>The Body Composition in Early Pregnancy is Associated with the Risk of Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Late During the Second Trimester</p>

<p>The Body Composition in Early Pregnancy is Associated with the Risk of Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Late During the Second Trimester</p>

The Unrealised Potential for Predicting Pregnancy Complications in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal

Polymorphisms&nbsp;of&nbsp;TGF-β1&nbsp;and&nbsp;TGF-β3&nbsp;in Chinese Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in Chinese Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus