Ethnic Differences Regarding Tactile and Pain Thresholds in the Trigeminal Region

A longitudinal study on risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among young adults in the transition from technical school to working life by Hanvold TN, Waersted M, Mengshoel AM, Bjertness E, Twisk J, Veiersted KBThe results indicate that neck and shoulder pain increases during the transition from technical school to working life and that both work-related and individual factors are associated with pain development. This knowledge may help in improving early intervention strategies aiming to increase a sustainable work life among young adults. Affiliation 597Original article Scand J Work Environ Health. 2014;40(6):597-609. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3437 A longitudinal study on risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among young adults in the transition from technical school to working life Objectives The study examined the course of neck and shoulder pain among a cohort of technical school students entering working life. We also aimed to identify work-related and individual risk factors for neck and shoulder pain during this transition period. MethodsThe study was designed as a prospective cohort study following 420 technical school students (167 student hairdressers, 118 student electricians, and 135 media/design students) from school, through their apprenticeship and into working life. Every 4 th month over a 6.5 year period (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009), the participant`s neck and shoulder pain for the preceding four weeks was assessed. Mechanical and psychosocial workplace factors as well as individual factors were evaluated at baseline and/or during the follow-up period. Data were analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE). ResultsWe found a significant increase in neck and shoulder pain over time in the transition from technical school to working life. High mechanical workload was associated with neck and shoulder pain among women, while a high level of shoulder muscle endurance capacity was associated with lower rates of neck and shoulder pain among men. Perceived muscle tension and ethnicity were the most consistent predictors for neck and shoulder pain, found among both women and men.Conclusion Increased neck and shoulder pain was found in the transition from technical school to working life, and both work-related and individual factors were associated with pain development.

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“…It has been hypothesized that ethnicity may play an important role due to both biological and cultural differences in pain (49).…”

Section: Hanvold Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study on risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among young adults in the transition from technical school to working life

Hanvold¹,

Wærsted²,

Mengshoel³

et al. 2014

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…For example, although pain thresholds are similar in cheek skin and maxillary gingiva (Komiyama and De Laat, 2005;Komiyama et al, 2007), they are different in other intraoral structures; e.g., pain threshold is lowest in the tongue tip but two to three times higher in other intraoral structures, such as the hard palate and buccal mucous membrane (T. Svensson et al, 1991aSvensson et al, ,b, 1992. These findings indicate that the pain sensitivity in some oral structures is significantly lower compared with facial skin.…”

Section: Dorsoventral and Rostrocaudal Organization Of Perk-li Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of pERK‐immunoreactive cells in trigeminal spinal nucleus caudalis and upper cervical cord following capsaicin injection into oral and craniofacial regions in rats

Noma

Tsuboi

Kondo

et al. 2008

J of Comparative Neurology

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To define the somatotopic arrangement of neurons in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis and upper cervical cord activated by acute noxious stimulation of various orofacial sites, pERK expression was analyzed in these neurons. After capsaicin injection into the tongue, lower gum, upper and lower lips, or mental region, pERK-like immunoreactive (pERK-LI) cells were distributed mainly in the dorsal half of the trigeminal spinal nucleus interporalis (Vi) and caudalis (Vc) transition zone (Vi/Vc zone), middle Vc, and Vc and upper cervical cord transition zone (Vc/C2 zone). pERK-LI cells were distributed throughout the dorsal to ventral portion of the Vi/Vc zone, middle Vc, and Vc/C2 zone following capsaicin injection into the anterior hard palate, upper gum, buccal mucosa, or vibrissal pad and in the ventral portion of the Vi/Vc zone, middle Vc, and Vc/C2 zone following snout, ophthalmic, or ocular injection of capsaicin. The rostrocaudal distribution area of pERK-LI cells was more extensive from the Vi/Vc zone to the Vc/C2 zone after intraoral injection than that after facial injection, and the rostrocaudal distribution of pERK-LI cells from the Vi/Vc zone to the Vc/C2 zone had a somatotopic arrangement, with the snout being represented most rostrally and ophthalmic, ocular, or mental regions represented most caudally. These findings suggest that the pERK-LI cells expressed from the Vi/Vc zone to the Vc/C2 zone following injection of capsaicin in facial and intraoral structures may be differentially involved in pain perception in facial and intraoral sites.

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“…For example, Japanese subjects were more sensitive to touch on the cheek and the thenar eminence of the hand than Caucasians. This group also was quantitatively more sensitive to pain elicited by a filament prick to the cheek, tongue, or thenar skin or to pressure on the masseter muscle of the jaw and thenar muscle of the hand [13]. However, the Japanese subjects rated the pain as less severe on a subjective scale than Caucasians despite being more sensitive at perceiving it.…”

Section: Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A US study of 350 people found that, among those aged over 50, women were more sensitive to vibration on the dorsum of the hands and feet than men [10]; similarly, vibratory thresholds among 484 Taiwanese were lower in women than in men on the dorsum of foot but no different on the thenar eminence of the hand [6]. A study of 44 Belgian and Japanese subjects found that, in both ethnic groups, women were more sensitive than men to filament touch on the cheek and to filament prick pain and pressure pain on the cheek, gingiva, and thenar skin [13].…”

Section: Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Assessing Sensory Perception on the Vulva and on Extragenital Sites

Farage

Miller

Zolnoun³

et al. 2012

TOWHJ

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Quantitative sensory testing (QST) measures perception thresholds of defined intensities of physical stimuli (e.g. temperature, touch, pressure, vibration). The frequency and severity of subjective sensory effects (itch, burn), though less quantifiable, can be characterized under defined conditions such as product testing. This article reviews two sources of published research on sensory perception on the vulva relative to extragenital sites: (1) systematic, quantitative sensory testing with defined stimuli and (2) vulvar sensory effects reported in clinical trials of external feminine hygiene products. In healthy women, the vulva is less sensitive to punctate touch and vibration than other body sites. Vulvar sensitivity to mechanical stimuli declines after menopause, but is restored by estrogen supplementation. Product trials of feminine wet wipes suggest that vulvar perception of stinging and of skin wetness also are attenuated after menopause, although perceptions of burning or itching appeared to be unaffected. More systematic, standardized conditions are needed to validate the continued use of QST on the vulva and to better define the characteristics and intensity of subjective vulvar sensations.

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Ethnic Differences Regarding Tactile and Pain Thresholds in the Trigeminal Region

Cited by 72 publications

References 43 publications

A longitudinal study on risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among young adults in the transition from technical school to working life

A longitudinal study on risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among young adults in the transition from technical school to working life

Organization of pERK‐immunoreactive cells in trigeminal spinal nucleus caudalis and upper cervical cord following capsaicin injection into oral and craniofacial regions in rats

Assessing Sensory Perception on the Vulva and on Extragenital Sites

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