Ethnic Differences in the Distribution of Interleukin-6 Polymorphisms Among Three Brazilian Ethnic Groups

Gadelha, Sandra Rocha; Alcântara, Luiz Carlos Júnior; Costa, G. C. S.; Rios, Domingos Lázaro Souza; Galvão–Castro, Bernardo

doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0061

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“… The allele and genotype frequencies were compared using chi‐square with Yates's correction or Fisher's exact test between the Brazilian population (South and Southeast) and Joinville, Santa Catarina, and Salvador, Bahia, populations (Gadelha et al ., 2005). N , number of individuals; n , number of alleles or genotypes. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TNF, IFNG, IL6, IL10 and TGFB1 gene polymorphisms in South and Southeast Brazil

Visentainer

Sell

Silva

et al. 2008

Int J Immunogenetics

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This study attempted to establish single nucleotide polymorphism frequencies of TNF, IL6, IFNG, IL10 and TGFB1 genes among healthy individuals from South and Southeast Brazil. The sample included 108 healthy individuals from South and 106 from Southeast Brazil. Polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers genotyping was performed for these gene cytokines with Cytokine Genotyping Primers (One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, USA). Differences in genotypic and allelic frequencies between the populations were assessed by chi-square with either Yates' correction or Fisher's exact test. Our investigations showed that there were not any significant differences between these two Brazilian populations for these polymorphisms. A statistically significant difference in the distribution of alleles and genotypes for both IL6 and IL10 genes was observed between the Brazilian population and the African-derived populations. IL6-174GG genotype and allele G and IL10-819CT/-592CA genotypes are more frequent in African-derived populations than in this mixed Brazilian population, while IL10-1082GG genotype is more frequent in our population. This mixed Brazilian population is closer to those of Joinville's, Santa Catarina, and Rio de Janeiro's, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Euro-Brazilian populations than to those of Salvador's, Bahia, and Rio de Janeiro's, RJ, African-Brazilian populations. These findings have an enormous importance for experimental design and empowering future linkage and association mapping studies of the role of cytokines in human diseases and allotransplantation outcome in Brazil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TNF, IFNG, IL6, IL10 and TGFB1 gene polymorphisms in South and Southeast Brazil

Visentainer

Sell

Silva

et al. 2008

Int J Immunogenetics

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“…Several genetic surveys have already documented that the prevalence of these cytokine-related alleles varies among African, Asian, Indian, and European ethnic groups (Gadelha et al, 2005). Moreover, the G/C polymorphism at the promoter region for IL-6 can even affect prognostic risk for poor outcomes in a differential manner across ethnic groups (Beasley et al, 2009; Berger, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population differences in proinflammatory biology: Japanese have healthier profiles than Americans

Coe

Love

Karasawa

et al. 2011

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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The pleiotropic cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), has emerged as a key factor in the biology of aging and the physiology of inflammation. Yet much of what we know about the normal functioning of IL-6 has been generated primarily from research on European populations and Americans of European descent. Our analyses compared IL-6 levels in 382 middle-aged and older Japanese to the values found in 1209 Caucasian- and African-Americans from the Midlife in the United States survey (MIDUS). Across the life span from 30–80 years of age, mean IL-6 levels were strikingly lower in Japanese individuals. Significantly lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (FBG) provided confirmatory evidence for a population difference in proinflammatory activity. Because IL-6 release has been associated with obesity, differences in body mass index (BMI) were taken into consideration. Japanese had the lowest, and African-Americans had the highest overall BMIs, but significant group differences in IL-6 persisted even after BMI was included as a covariate in the analyses. Additional support for distinct variation in IL-6 biology was generated when systemic levels of the soluble receptor for IL-6 (sIL-6r) were evaluated. Serum sIL-6r was higher in Japanese than Americans, but was most notably low in African-Americans. Our cytokine data concur with national differences in the prevalence of age-related illnesses linked to inflammatory physiology, including cardiovascular disease. The findings also highlight the importance of broadening the diversity of people included in population studies of health and aging, especially given the relative paucity of information for some Asian countries and on individuals of Asian heritage living in the US.

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“…Thus, there could be a genetic contribution to the current results. The prevalence of these polymorphisms affecting IL-6 and TNF-α do vary across populations and geographic regions (Lim et al, 2002; Delaney et al, 2004; Gadelha et al, 2005). The polymorphisms have been associated with individual variation in inflammatory responses during urinary tract infections, and after cardiac infarction and surgical procedures (e.g., Fishman et al, 1998; Liu et al, 2006; Yamada et al, 2003), but in general the polymorphisms have less influence on basal secretion of IL-6, the biomarker we utilized in the present study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Negative emotions predict elevated interleukin-6 in the United States but not in Japan

Miyamoto

Boylan

Coe

et al. 2013

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Previous studies conducted in Western cultures have shown that negative emotions predict higher levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, specifically interleukin-6 (IL-6). This link between negative emotions and IL-6 may be specific to Western cultures where negative emotions are perceived to be problematic and thus may not extend to Eastern cultures where negative emotions are seen as acceptable and normal. Using samples of 1044 American and 382 Japanese middle-aged and older adults, we investigated whether the relationship between negative emotions and IL-6 varies by cultural context. Negative emotions predicted higher IL-6 among American adults, whereas no association was evident among Japanese adults. Furthermore, the interaction between culture and negative emotions remained even after controlling for demographic variables, psychological factors (positive emotions, neuroticism, extraversion), health behaviors (smoking status, alcohol consumption), and health status (chronic conditions, BMI). These findings highlight the role of cultural context in shaping how negative emotions affect inflammatory physiology and underscore the importance of cultural ideas and practices relevant to negative emotions for understanding of the interplay between psychology, physiology, and health.

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Ethnic Differences in the Distribution of Interleukin-6 Polymorphisms Among Three Brazilian Ethnic Groups

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

TNF, IFNG, IL6, IL10 and TGFB1 gene polymorphisms in South and Southeast Brazil

TNF, IFNG, IL6, IL10 and TGFB1 gene polymorphisms in South and Southeast Brazil

Population differences in proinflammatory biology: Japanese have healthier profiles than Americans

Negative emotions predict elevated interleukin-6 in the United States but not in Japan

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