Ethnic differences in participation in flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in the UK

Abstract

Objectives The aim of the study was to examine ethnic differences in participation in colorectal cancer screening by flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS). It assessed both intentions to be screened and actual screening uptake, and considered whether demographic, health and psychosocial factors mediated the ethnic differences. The setting of this study follows a subset of participants from the UK FS Trial. Methods A postal questionnaire assessed ethnicity, demographic characteristics, health, attitudes to screening and FS screening intentions. Data on screening intentions were available for 17,333 adults aged 55 -64 years (Sample 1). Screening uptake was recorded in a subsample of 4303 respondents who were subsequently randomized to receive an invitation to screening (Sample 2). Results Screening intentions in Sample 1 were equally high across all the ethnic groups (.80% [13,724/17,042]

Knowledge of, attitudes toward, and barriers to participation of colorectal cancer screening tests in the Asia-Pacific region: a multicenter study

“…Although this may represent an encouraging result, a study revealed that positive intentions to undergo CRC screening did not automatically translate into actual uptake in Asians. 25 This inconsistency was a recognized occurrence relating to selfefficacy, ambivalence caused by conflicting objectives, and perceived behavioral control. Additional research into this challenging area is recommended.…”

Perceived barriers to flexible sigmoidoscopy screening for colorectal cancer among UK ethnic minority groups: a qualitative study

“…However, a recent study examining screening uptake figures indicated no significant difference between AfricanCaribbean men and women and research has suggested this reluctance is not exclusive to African-Caribbean men. 10,23 Pakistani women discussed the belief that receiving cancer treatment made the cancer spread. Data from a more representative sample would be needed to confirm whether this is a commonly held belief within the community.…”

“…This difference could not be explained by socioeconomic status (SES) or poor health. 10 One study has specifically explored barriers to FS screening in UK ethnic minority groups, adding open-ended questions to a nationwide survey of the main ethnic minority groups, known as the Ethnibus Survey. 11 While there was high interest in screening, ethnic minority groups had lower levels of CRC awareness than white British adults and embarrassment was identified as a key barrier in the ethnic minority respondents.…”

Testing innovative strategies to reduce the social gradient in the uptake of bowel cancer screening: a programme of four qualitatively enhanced randomised controlled trials

“…162,172,174,[176][177][178] An introductory question was asked to encourage or remind the participant to read the information material sent to them prior to beginning the questionnaire: 'Have you read the orange booklet, "Bowel Cancer Screening: The Facts" found inside the NHS envelope?'. The intervention group were also asked the same question in relation to the narrative leaflet.…”

“…disgust with test procedure and the belief that screening is only for those with symptoms), 172,173 hypothesising that endorsement of such barriers would decrease and quotations portraying reassurance following participation would help enhance the perceived benefit of peace of mind from doing the test. 174 …”