Ethnic Differences in Childhood Blood Pressure

Harshfield, Gregory A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-824-9_16

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 65 publications

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“…Sleep disordered breathing, with the most severe form being obstructive sleep apnea, is associated with primary hypertension especially in overweight children. The prevalence of primary hypertension is higher in Native American, Hispanic and African American children and lower in Asian children, when compared with Caucasian children [15][16][17].…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 91%

Childhood Hypertension: A Review

Banker

Gupta-Malhotra²,

P³

2013

J Hypertens

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Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 91%

Childhood Hypertension: A Review

Banker

Gupta-Malhotra²,

P³

2013

J Hypertens

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Ethnic Differences in Sleep Quality Accompany Ethnic Differences in Night-time Blood Pressure Dipping

Hughes

Kobayashi

Deichert

2007

American Journal of Hypertension

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Ethnic Differences in Nighttime Melatonin and Nighttime Blood Pressure: A Study in European Americans and African Americans

Jeong

Zhu

Harris

et al. 2019

American Journal of Hypertension

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BACKGROUND Ethnic differences in nighttime blood pressure (BP) have long been documented with African Americans (AAs) having higher BP than European Americans (EAs). At present, lower nighttime melatonin, a key regulator of circadian rhythms, has been associated with higher nighttime BP levels in EAs. This study sought to test the hypothesis that AAs have lower nighttime melatonin secretion compared with EAs. We also determined if this ethnic difference in melatonin could partially explain the ethnic difference in nighttime BP. METHODS A total of 150 young adults (71 AA; 46% females; mean age: 27.7 years) enrolled in the Georgia Stress and Heart study provided an overnight urine sample for the measurement of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, a major metabolite of melatonin. Urine melatonin excretion (UME) was calculated as the ratio between 6-sulfatoxymelatonin concentration and creatinine concentration. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP was assessed and nighttime systolic BP (SBP) was used as a major index of BP regulation. RESULTS After adjustment of age, sex, body mass index, and smoking, AAs had significantly lower UME (P = 0.002) and higher nighttime SBP than EAs (P = 0.036). Lower UME was significantly associated with higher nighttime SBP and this relationship did not depend on ethnicity. The ethnicity difference in nighttime SBP was significantly attenuated after adding UME into the model (P = 0.163). CONCLUSION This study is the first to document the ethnic difference in nighttime melatonin excretion, demonstrating that AAs have lower melatonin secretion compared with EAs. Furthermore, the ethnic difference in nighttime melatonin can partially account for the established ethnic difference in nighttime SBP.

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Ethnic Differences in Childhood Blood Pressure

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Childhood Hypertension: A Review

Childhood Hypertension: A Review

Ethnic Differences in Sleep Quality Accompany Ethnic Differences in Night-time Blood Pressure Dipping

Ethnic Differences in Nighttime Melatonin and Nighttime Blood Pressure: A Study in European Americans and African Americans

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