Ethnic and Gay Community Attachments and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Urban Latino Young Men Who Have Sex With Men

OʼDonnell, Lydia; Agronick, Gail; Doval, Alexi San; Durán, Richard; Myint‐U, Athi; Stueve, Ann

doi:10.1521/aeap.14.8.457.24109

Cited by 107 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Participants who reported that their social norms favored condom use were significantly less likely to engage in unprotected anal and/ or vaginal sex with a female partner in the past 12 months. Consistent with previous research, 48,[51][52][53][54][55][56] strong community norms supporting the acceptability of condom use may assist or encourage safer sexual behavior among Black MSM. This seems particularly likely given that lower rates of UAS were observed in our sample among Black MSM reporting last sex with Black male nonmain (casual/hook-up) sex partners.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

et al. 2009

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Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk for HIV infection in the United States compared to other MSM. The aim of this study was to investigate Black MSM's sexual mixing patterns and partner characteristics in relation to sexual risk taking, as a possible explanation for this observed increase in HIV incidence. Between January and July 2008, 197 Black MSM were recruited via modified respondent-driven sampling and completed optional pretest and post-test HIV serological testing, counseling, and a demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial assessment battery. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to examine predictors of risky sex across partner types. Overall, 18% of the sample was HIV-infected; 50% reported unprotected intercourse with men, 30% with women, and 5% with transgender partners. Fifty-three percent identified as bisexual or straight, although all reported oral or anal sex with another man in the prior 12 months. Significant predictors of engaging in at least one episode of: (1) serodiscordant unprotected anal sex (UAS) with a male partner in the past 12 months: individuals at risk for social isolation (AOR=4.23; p=0.03), those with unstable housing (AOR=4.19; p=0.03), and those who used poppers at least weekly during sex (AOR=5.90; p=0.05); (2) UAS and/or unprotected vaginal intercourse with a female partner in the past 12 months: those with unstable housing (AOR=4.85; p=0.04), those who used cocaine at least weekly during sex (AOR=16.78; p=0.006), being HIV-infected (AOR=0.07; p=0.02), and feeling social norms favor condom use (AOR=0.60; p=0.05); (3) UAS with the participants' most recent nonmain male sex partner: use of alcohol and drugs during last sex by participant (AOR=4.04; p=0.01), having sex with a Hispanic/ Latino male (AOR=2.71; p=0.04) or a Black male (AOR=0.50; p=0.05) compared to a White male, and lower education (AOR=1.31; p=0.02). Findings suggest that sexual risk behaviors of Black MSM differ across partner type and by the characteristics of their sexual networks and that this subpopulation of MSM are at high risk for HIV acquisition and transmission. Effective prevention strategies need to address the distinct sexual and behavioral risk patterns presented by different sexual partnerships reported by Black MSM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…[47][48][49][50] In the current study, the role of social support and condom use norms varied by partner type. Men at increased risk for social isolation were more likely to have engaged in serodiscordant UAS with a male partner in the past 12 months than those who reported more social support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

et al. 2009

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“…Recent research demonstrates that individual-level feelings of community affiliation, both gay and ethnic, are important to sexual HIV risk behaviors. [172][173][174] Attachment to community is likely modified by whether one physically lives in the identity-based community or not. How a geographic community's social norms may influence sexual behavior among MSM is unknown.…”

Section: The Urban Environment and Sexual Behavior Of Msm: Applying Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, a strong social identity may be protective, as recent evidence suggests that for MSM of color racial/ethnic affiliation may more strongly predict safe sex behaviors than gay community affiliation. 174 Affiliation, the affective component of social identity, may be influenced by environmental characteristics particularly among urban men of color, who are less likely to live in the predominantly white and gay neighborhoods and more likely to live near and be embedded in kin networks. 48 The conceptual model below illustrates several potential pathways of influence, based on our review of extant explanatory approaches and complemented by social identity theory.…”

Section: The Urban Environment and Sexual Behavior Of Msm: An Integramentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urban Environment and Sexual Risk Behavior among Men who have Sex with Men

Frye

Latka²,

Koblin³

et al. 2006

J Urban Health

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Increasingly, studies show that characteristics of the urban environment influence a wide variety of health behaviors and disease outcomes, yet few studies have focused on the sexual risk behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM). This focus is important as many gay men reside in or move to urban areas, and sexual risk behaviors and associated outcomes have increased among some urban MSM in recent years. As interventions aimed at changing individual-level risk behaviors have shown mainly short-term effects, consideration of broader environmental influences is needed. Previous efforts to assess the influence of environmental characteristics on sexual behaviors and related health outcomes among the general population have generally applied three theories as explanatory models: physical disorder, social disorganization and social norms theories. In these models, the intervening mechanisms specified to link environmental characteristics to individual-level outcomes include stress, collective efficacy, and social influence processes, respectively. Whether these models can be empirically supported in generating inferences about the sexual behavior of urban MSM is underdeveloped. Conceptualizing sexual risk among MSM to include social and physical environmental characteristics provides a basis for generating novel and holistic disease prevention and health promotion interventions.

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“…& Stueve, 2002;Thiede et al, 2003;Valleroy et al, 2000). Among YMSM, those who do not identify as gay or homosexual and those who consider themselves transgender appear to be at greatest jeopardy for adverse outcomes (Agronick et al, 2004;Cooper, 1999;Hughes & Eliason, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience among young men who have sex with men in New York City

Gwadz

Clatts

et al. 2006

Sex Res Soc Policy

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This article describes a study of resilience among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Resilience is defined as positive adaptation in the context of hardship. Using targeted sampling to capture the diversity and range of this hidden population, we recruited 569 YMSM ages 17-28 years old and examined a subset of 134 YMSM who had experienced severe childhood adversity, as indicated by placement in foster care. Most of the YMSM in this subset were from racial or ethnic minority backgrounds and fewer than half identified as gay or homosexual (46.3 percent). More than half (58.3 percent) exhibited positive outcomes on four of seven indicators of adaptive functioning. YMSM who identified as either bisexual or heterosexual exhibited lower rates of resilience. Structural-as well as individual-level factors appear to be implicated in resilience among YMSM. Findings underscore the importance of fostering stable sexual identity as a means of building resilience.Keywords sexual identity; homosexual; bisexual; transgender; adaptation; foster careCorrespondence to: Steve Lankenau. & Stueve, 2002;Thiede et al., 2003;Valleroy et al., 2000). Among YMSM, those who do not identify as gay or homosexual and those who consider themselves transgender appear to be at greatest jeopardy for adverse outcomes (Agronick et al., 2004;Cooper, 1999;Hughes & Eliason, 2002). Overall, YMSM are a hidden and hard-to-reach population, mainly because of stigma and often because of their involvement in illegal activities (MacKellar, Valleroy, Karon, Lemp, & Janssen, 1996;Muhib et al., 2001). In particular, YMSM who are involved in the street economy, have substance abuse problems, are from low socioeconomic status backgrounds, do not identify as gay, are younger, and/or are from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds may be more difficult to access for treatment and research than their peers (Barendregt, van der Poel, & van de Mheen, 2005;Muhib et al., 2001;Van Ness, Davis, & Johnson, 2004) and therefore may be viewed as hidden subpopulations. As a result, these young men are understudied and underrepresented in clinical settings since few targeted outreach efforts have focused on them (Clatts, Davis, & Atillasoy, 1995). NIH Public Access Resilience in Populations at RiskWhile multiple unfavorable outcomes exhibited by YMSM have been well documented in the literature, there is also growing interest in better understanding resilience in populations at risk (Anderson, 1998;Russell, 2005;Savin-Williams, 1990). Resilience is conceptualized as a process of positive adaptation in the context of significant adversity (Luthar, Cicchetti, & Becker, 2000). Resilience is typically inferred by examining the functioning of individuals who have experienced hardship in their early upbringings in various domains later in life. Those who exhibit both early hardship and later positive outcomes are considered resilient (Masten, 2001;Rutter, 1985). For instance, McGloin and Widom (2001) studied adults with past substantiated cases of childhood sexual abuse or n...

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Ethnic and Gay Community Attachments and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Urban Latino Young Men Who Have Sex With Men

Cited by 107 publications

References 12 publications

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

Sexual Mixing Patterns and Partner Characteristics of Black MSM in Massachusetts at Increased Risk for HIV Infection and Transmission

The Urban Environment and Sexual Risk Behavior among Men who have Sex with Men

Resilience among young men who have sex with men in New York City

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