Ethnic Agricultural Cooperatives as Adaptive Strategies in Japanese Overseas Communities: Diffusion, Development and Adaptation in Contextual Perspective

Noritaka, Yagasaki

doi:10.4157/grj1984b.68.119

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Further, Yagasaki (2003b) introduced the concept of "occupational sequent occupance" in order to understand Japanese immigrant communities. In addition to these intensive studies, Yagasaki (1995Yagasaki ( , 2003a) explored the possibility of comparative studies of two different host societies.…”

Section: Traditional Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Ethnic Geography in Japan

Oishi

2008

Geogr. Rev. JPN, Chirigaku Hyoron

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Abstract:This study explores recent trends in ethnic geography in Japan . Although ethnicity was not an important theme of research for geographers in post-war Japan , ethnic geography has developed since the 1980s. Initially, Japanese migrants and spatial segregation were major themes , and very few articles on ethnic minorities in Japan appeared in selected geographical journals published in Japan. However, since the mid-1990s, the number of the case studies on ethnic minorities in Japan, both oldcomers and newcomers, has increased rapidly. Recently , humanistic and radical approaches have been added to the domain in which Japanese ethnic geographers have been interested, although traditional approaches still seem to be useful. Furthermore, geographers' contributions are expected in interdisciplinary ethnic studies. Thus, many frontiers still remain for Japanese ethnic geographers.

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Section: Traditional Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Ethnic Geography in Japan

Oishi

2008

Geogr. Rev. JPN, Chirigaku Hyoron

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“…There were several reasons for this decline. One was the growing importance of Japanese organized agricultural cooperatives in the farm ing regions of southern California (Yagasaki 1995). More importantly, as Japanese farming activities expanded into peripheral farming re gions in Imperial and Santa Barbara counties, it became difficult for farmers to transport their produce and sell by themselves, and they conse quently depended more on dealers and commis sion merchants.…”

Section: Economic Niche In Wholesaling Fresh Producementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These Japanese merchants or ganized a friendship club (Shinwa Kurabu) fol lowing the settlement of the early dispute be tween the two agricultural associations (Nanka Nikkeijin Shogyo Kaigisho 1960: 69). In May 1930, eleven Japanese commission merchants at the two wholesale markets organized the Produce Dealers Exchange, which offered the basis of the Cooperative Farm Industry of Southern California (Yagasaki 1995). The Shinwa Kurabu developed into the Rafu Nihon jin Nosansho Kumiai, which had amembership of 22 in 1939(Nanka Merchants' Bulletin 14, 20 September 1939.…”

Section: Economic Niche In Wholesaling Fresh Producementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the two market-based ethnic organizations, Japanese farmers established ag ricultural cooperatives in every farming region in southern California (Yagasaki 1995). While playing a socio-cultural role in rural Japanese communities, they were also important in con ducting cooperative marketing in the wholesale markets in Los Angeles.…”

Section: Adaptivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facing pressure from the local host society, Japanese immigrants applied adaptive strate gies to survive in a foreign environment often hostile to the newcomers (Yagasaki 1987(Yagasaki , 1995. Varied adaptive strategies were fash ioned and employed by immigrant groups in finding their space for living as well as estab lishing their economic base in the local host society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive Strategy of Japanese Immigrants and Occupational Sequent Occupance in the Development of Fresh Produce Marketing in Los Angeles

Noritaka¹

2003

Geogr. Rev. JPN, Chirigaku Hyoron

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Three research frontiers need to be explored by geographers in understanding Japanese immigrants and their overseas communities: analyses of immigrant communities in the context of local and national host societies, comparative studies of immigrant groups settled in the same local host society, and economic segregation and occupational sequent occupance. This paper explored the third theme by presenting a case study in southern California prior to World War IL Japanese immigrants successfully attained vertical domi nance in production, wholesale, and retail of fruits and vegetables in Los Angeles and the surroundings of southern California from the 1900s through the early 1940s. The process in which Japanese came to occupy such economic niches was documented with special reference to the adaptive strategy they applied in establishing their economic bases. Ethnic organiza tions and occupational preference played an important role, while growing economy and population created a soaring demand for fresh produce, marketing system had not yet been established, and the role of the Chinese was fading after the turn of the century. Considering the fact that the economic niche that Japanese occupied in the supply of fresh produce was taken over by other immigrant groups following World War II, the idea of "occupational sequent occupance" was proposed. Documenting such sequence in the occupational structure will contribute to the comprehensive understanding of immigrant groups as well as cultural historical geography of American cities.

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Japanese Farming, Urban Sprawl, and Changing Land Use in Gardena and Torrance of the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area

Noritaka

Fukase

2010

Geog. Rev. Japan B

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Ethnic Agricultural Cooperatives as Adaptive Strategies in Japanese Overseas Communities: Diffusion, Development and Adaptation in Contextual Perspective

Abstract: Agricultural cooperativism, developed in rural Japan, was transferred to overseas grant agriculture and ethnic cooperativism.

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Recent Trends in Ethnic Geography in Japan

Recent Trends in Ethnic Geography in Japan

Adaptive Strategy of Japanese Immigrants and Occupational Sequent Occupance in the Development of Fresh Produce Marketing in Los Angeles

Japanese Farming, Urban Sprawl, and Changing Land Use in Gardena and Torrance of the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area

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