Ethical to using Rats in the Scientific Researches

Hamouda, Asmaa Fathi

doi:10.15406/ppij.2018.06.00149

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To initiate stress and mimic the neurological conditions that can trigger skin inflammation, aging, and increased chances of skin infection, we injected the rats in this study with an intramuscular dose of phenobarbital once per week for three weeks, plus a daily dose of intracutaneous formaldehyde [ 18 , 43 ]. Our methods conformed to the ethical standards of replacement, reduction, and refinement in scientific experiments [ 24 ]. The pharmacological treatment of skin issues mostly includes the selective application of creams, lotions, and alternative medicine interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After adaptation, we separated the rats into five groups of eight rats each. We conducted all animal experiments according to the Experimental Animal Care Society’s Department Committee guideline, and adapted to the three Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. The five groups of rats were as follows: a control group of untreated rats; a skin inflammation group, in which rats were intramuscularly injected with a dose of phenobarbital at 50 mg/kg body mass (bm) once per week for three weeks plus a daily intracutaneous dose of formaldehyde at 6 µL/kg body mass (bm) [ 18 , 43 , 59 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also separately studied the changes in the levels of these inflammatory indicators in human volunteers who received treatment with TROSYD and PSOE against inflammation and those without the treatment, and compared the results with those from the rat study. Figure 1 shows the experimental design [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical Pilot Study on Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil Extract and Cosmetic Cream on Neurologically Mediated Skin Inflammation in Animals and Humans: A Comparative Observational Study

Hamouda

Felemban

2023

Molecules

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The presence of phenobarbital and formaldehyde in drugs, food, and beverages can lead to various health issues, including inflammation, oncogenesis, and neurological distress. Psychological stress leads to mood fluctuations and the onset of skin inflammation. Skin inflammation has a range of causes, including chemicals, heavy metals, infection, immune-related disorders, genetics, and stress. The various treatments for skin inflammation include medical and cosmetic creams, diet changes, and herbal therapy. In this study, we investigated the effects of Avocom-M and pomegranate seed oil extract (PSOE) against phenobarbital- and formaldehyde-induced skin biochemical changes in rats. We analyzed the constituents of PSOE using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. We also observed biochemical changes in the skin of human volunteers with and without TROSYD and PSOE as a skin cream. We compared the biochemical changes in human volunteers’ skin before treatment and 21 days after the treatment stopped. The outcomes showed an improvement in the rats’ biochemical status, due to PSOE and Avocom-M treatment. The human volunteers treated with TROSYD and PSOE showed substantial amelioration of skin inflammation. PSOE, Avocom-M, and TROSYD produced beneficial effects by reducing the levels of cyclooxygenase-2, lipid peroxidation, tyrosinase, hyaluronidase, elastase, collagenase, and nitric oxide in the animals tested on and in human volunteers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical Pilot Study on Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil Extract and Cosmetic Cream on Neurologically Mediated Skin Inflammation in Animals and Humans: A Comparative Observational Study

Hamouda

Felemban

2023

Molecules

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“…All animal investigations established by the Ethics Committee of the Experimental Animal Care Society and according to the Three Rs (3Rs: Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) in scientific testing research. 11 a. The control group(C): non-treated rats.…”

Section: A Selection Of the Plant Materials And Extraction Of Cured Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…c. (AW) group: the rats treated orally with a daily dose of AW (Agarwood) 100mg kg -1 body mass (bm) for 35 days. 8,11 The test period is 35 days.…”

Section: B (Methanol) Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Agarwood and caspase-3 activation in rat liver toxicity induced by methanol

Hamouda¹

2018

PPIJ

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Agar wood has been applied to traditional medicine and used as perfumery and food ingredients especially in Saudi Arabia. It contains bio molecules component that shows various pharmacological, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-helminthic, antioxidant and other advantages effects. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during the detoxification of xenobiotics and drugs that generated oxidative stress and apoptosis. Caspase-3 is the central executioners, a cysteine protease, during apoptosis and cell death. The effect of Agar wood hexane extract on liver death through studied of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), caspase-3 levels and liver function tests in rats treat and untreated with an intra peritoneal dose of 3g/kg methanol was studied in this investigation. Injected of rats with methanol-induced an elevation in the levels of NO, MDA, caspase-3, and liver function tests, compared to the control. Treatment of animals with Agar wood extracts pre, during, and post methanol administration improved liver function and decreased the levels of NO, MDA, and caspase-3 activities compared to the methanol group, indicates that Agar wood diminished the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by methanol, this may be due to its Phytochemical compositions.

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Ethical to using Rats in the Scientific Researches

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Biochemical Pilot Study on Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil Extract and Cosmetic Cream on Neurologically Mediated Skin Inflammation in Animals and Humans: A Comparative Observational Study

Biochemical Pilot Study on Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil Extract and Cosmetic Cream on Neurologically Mediated Skin Inflammation in Animals and Humans: A Comparative Observational Study

Study on Agarwood and caspase-3 activation in rat liver toxicity induced by methanol

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