Ethical road map through the covid-19 pandemic

Fritz, Zoë; Huxtable, Richard; Ives, Jonathan; Paton, Alexis; Slowther, Anne; Wilkinson, Dominic

doi:10.1136/bmj.m2033

Cited by 45 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In the UK and elsewhere, the response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been 'guided by the science'. 1 But the implication that there is one form of science whose facts should guide policy is erroneous, since medical, social and economic disciplines are all involved. Moreover, science is not value-free, since inevitable disparities in scientific advice need to be resolved by judgements that are value-driven and which need to take into account the views of those involved if ethical principles of equal concern and respect are to be satisfied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young people’s views on their role in the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s recovery from it

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveThere has been little formal exploration of how young people see their role in the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/settingFocus-group discussion with 15 Children’s Hospital Young People’s Forum members (23/5) to explore their perspective on the impact of COVID-19 on both their lives and those of their community, on school closures, and the role they wished to play in society’s recovery from the pandemic. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim using NVivo Software and analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach.OutcomeFour major themes identified: (1) Awareness of pandemic’s impact on others: participants showed mature awareness of the effects on broader society, especially the elderly, socially disadvantaged and parents. (2) Perceived impact on their own lives: principal concerns were the educational and practical repercussions of school closures and social isolation, including effects on educational prospects. (3) Views about school reopening: young people understood the broader rationale for school reopening and were generally positive about it, but expressed concerned about their safety and that of others. (4) Communication issues: a need for clear, concise, understandable information readily accessible for young people was expressed. Up to now, they felt passive recipients rather than participants.ConclusionYoung people were concerned about their future, their family and broader society, consistent with a high level of moral development. They want to be active participants in social recovery, including concepts around return to school but require appropriate information and a means by which their voices can be heard. The alternative suggested roles as pawns or pathfinders were discounted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young people’s views on their role in the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s recovery from it

et al. 2020

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“…Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that has challenged healthcare systems worldwide [ 1 ]. The disease is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Course of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Positivity in Patients with COVID-19 following the First Clinical Presentation

Risch

Weber

Thiel

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Knowledge of the sensitivities of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody tests beyond 35 days after the clinical onset of COVID-19 is insufficient. We aimed to describe positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 assays employing three different measurement principles over a prolonged period. Two hundred sixty-eight samples from 180 symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test followed by serological investigation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were included. We conducted three chemiluminescence (including electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLIA)), four enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and one lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test formats. Positivity rates, as well as positive (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs), were calculated for each week after the first clinical presentation for COVID-19. Furthermore, combinations of tests were assessed within an orthogonal testing approach employing two independent assays and predictive values were calculated. Heat maps were constructed to graphically illustrate operational test characteristics. During a follow-up period of more than 9 weeks, chemiluminescence assays and one ELISA IgG test showed stable positivity rates after the third week. With the exception of ECLIA, the PPVs of the other chemiluminescence assays were ≥95% for COVID-19 only after the second week. ELISA and LFIA had somewhat lower PPVs. IgM exhibited insufficient predictive characteristics. An orthogonal testing approach provided PPVs ≥ 95 % for patients with a moderate pretest probability (e.g., symptomatic patients), even for tests with a low single test performance. After the second week, NPVs of all but IgM assays were ≥95% for patients with low to moderate pretest probability. The confirmation of negative results using an orthogonal algorithm with another assay provided lower NPVs than the single assays. When interpreting results from SARS-CoV-2 tests, the pretest probability, time of blood draw, and assay characteristics must be carefully considered. An orthogonal testing approach increases the accuracy of positive, but not negative, predictions.

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“…( 56 ) Such decisions need to be evaluated using a social justice lens and inform ethical discussions on resuscitation debates on COVID-19. ( 57 , 58 ) Palliative care services would need to ethically allocate their resources while maintaining dying patients’ dignity, and ensure appropriate communication with caregivers. We call on governments to integrate palliative care into the preparedness plans as recommended in the WHO publications, to prevent unnecessary suffering and foster a rapid and flexible response in case of public health emergencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is the Preparedness and Capacity of Palliative Care Services in Middle-Eastern and North African Countries to Respond to COVID-19? A Rapid Survey

Boufkhed

Harding

Kutluk

et al. 2021

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Ethical road map through the covid-19 pandemic

Abstract: We must follow the ethics, not just the science

Cited by 45 publications

References 1 publication

Young people’s views on their role in the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s recovery from it

Young people’s views on their role in the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s recovery from it

Temporal Course of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Positivity in Patients with COVID-19 following the First Clinical Presentation

What Is the Preparedness and Capacity of Palliative Care Services in Middle-Eastern and North African Countries to Respond to COVID-19? A Rapid Survey

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