Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Susceptibility Genetic Testing for Late-Onset Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract

Over the last decade, advances in our understanding about the genetic architecture of complex traits and common diseases, have increased our ability to perform susceptibility genetic testing for diseases in asymptomatic individuals. These technological developments raise complex ethical, legal and social considerations. Here we discuss a series of ethical issues associated with susceptibility genetic testing for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These include, amongst others, informed consent, disclosure of results and unexpected findings, mandatory screening, privacy and confidentiality, and stigma and genetic discrimination. As knowledge of the genetic basis of these diseases continues growing, and as genetic testing becomes more widespread, we anticipate that it will become increasingly important for scientists and clinicians to engage in the conversation about the ethical, social and policy implications of these technologies.

Neurogenomics contribution to neurodegenerative Diseases

“…Furthermore, genetic insights from neurogenomics enable the development of genetic tests that can predict an individual's risk of developing certain neurodegenerative diseases. These tests can aid in early diagnosis, allowing individuals to take preventive measures and make informed decisions about their health 25 . Genetic counseling helps individuals and families understand the implications of genetic findings and provides guidance on managing disease risk.…”