Ethical Issues for Animal Use in Toxicological Research in Africa

A review on traditionally used South African medicinal plants, their secondary metabolites and their potential development into anticancer agents

“…As discussed in section 4, in vitro toxicity can be examined using non-tumorigenic cell lines where threshold, as described by Kuete and Efferth, (2015) can be used to determine whether a test substance can be classified as toxic or non-toxic. Toxicity testing in animal models requires ethics clearance in order to insure the most humane treatment of animals (El-Aal, 2014;Fenwick et al, 2009;Russell and Burch, 1959). In vivo toxicity of a test substance is generally done using various testing procedures which are time and dose dependent.…”