Ethical considerations and publishing in human bioarcheology

Squires, Kirsty; Roberts, Charlotte A.; Márquez‐Grant, Nicholas

doi:10.1002/ajpa.24467

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…E cacy of combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy is also supported by the ndings of the study by [25] which established that Toripalimab immunotherapy in combination GEMOX chemotherapy yielded a higher ORR of 80% and a high median OS (22.5 months) compared to monotherapies. These results are in tandem with those of [16] which found that combination of GEMOX chemotherapy and Sintilimab immunotherapy showed a higher ORR of 45.5%.…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 79%

A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Alone Versus Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer

Sabola

2023

Preprint

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Background: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) remains one of the rare but most devastating cancer diseases, with a rising global burden. The increasing mortality and morbidity trends have indicated the need for improved interventions for effective treatment for all the BTC subtypes. Henc, there has been proposals for use of combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods and Results: The main research question was “How effective is Chemotherapy-Immunotherapy combination compared to Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy alone in treating Biliary Tract Cancer?” The systematic review followed the mixed-method research design based on the PRISMA guidelines. This systematic review focused on studies published between 2022 and 2023. The results showed that both chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy and monotherapies are effective in treating BTC. Conclusions: Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy as well as monotherapies are effective and safer.

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Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 79%

A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Alone Versus Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer

Sabola

2023

Preprint

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“…The analyses were performed in compliance with the indications provided by the Istituto Centrale per l'Archeologia (ICA), the Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione (ICCD), and according to the suggestions by Squires et al (2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cranial selection in the cremated remains of the Iron Age Golasecca Celtic Civilization (Northwestern Italy, 9‐4th century BCE)

Larentis,

Gorini,

Locatelli

2024

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The Golasecca Celtic Civilization (GCC) developed in the Italian Iron Age, between the 9th and 4th centuries BCE, and is characterized by the predominant use of cremation as a funerary ritual in the Italian area. Reconstructing the steps of the cremation ritual in archaeology is a complex challenge, as many anthropic actions leave only faint traces in cremated remains. Within the funerary rituals of prehistoric and protohistoric Italy, the skull has received particular attention from numerous archaeological cultures and civilizations. The context of via Marconi 2020 (Sesto Calende, Varese, northern Italy) has allowed hinting at this practice also in GCC, through the anthropological analysis of cremated remains found in two different but spatially close tombs. The analysis of the cremated remains identified the selection of some elements of the skull of an adult individual and the post‐cranium of a non‐adult individual in the first tomb, and the presence of only the skull of the non‐adult individual in the second tomb. The possibility of a ritual attention of the GCC reserved for the skull has been proven for the first time thanks to the analysis of these subjects. This work provides new data on funerary ritual behaviors of the GCC, allowing for a better understanding within the Italian and European panorama.

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“…This study was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines for working with ancient human remains [ 53 54 ]. Informed consent for the research was granted by the curating body responsible for the human remains, and if possible, by living relatives.…”

Section: Ethics and Consentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Predisposition of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Ancient Human Remains

Wurst,

Maixner,

Paladin

et al. 2024

agh

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Background: Several computed tomographic studies have shown the presence of atherosclerosis in ancient human remains. However, while it is important to understand the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), genetic data concerning the prevalence of the disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in our ancestors are scarce. Objective: For a better understanding of the role of genetics in the evolution of ASCVD, we applied an enrichment capture sequencing approach to mummified human remains from different geographic regions and time periods. Methods: Twenty-two mummified individuals were analyzed for their genetic predisposition of ASCVD. Next-generation sequencing methods were applied to ancient DNA (aDNA) samples, including a novel enrichment approach specifically designed to capture SNPs associated with ASCVD in genome-wide association studies of modern humans. Findings: Five out of 22 ancient individuals passed all filter steps for calculating a weighted polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 87 SNPs in 56 genes. PRSs were correlated to scores obtained from contemporary people from around the world and cover their complete range. The genetic results of the ancient individuals reflect their phenotypic results, given that the only two mummies showing calcified atherosclerotic arterial plaques on computed tomography scans are the ones exhibiting the highest calculated PRSs. Conclusions: These data show that alleles associated with ASCVD have been widespread for at least 5,000 years. Despite some limitations due to the nature of aDNA, our approach has the potential to lead to a better understanding of the interaction between environmental and genetic influences on the development of ASCVD.

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Ethical considerations and publishing in human bioarcheology

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Alone Versus Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer

A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Alone Versus Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer

Cranial selection in the cremated remains of the Iron Age Golasecca Celtic Civilization (Northwestern Italy, 9‐4th century BCE)

Genetic Predisposition of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Ancient Human Remains

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