Ethical conduct in intimate partner violence research: Challenges and strategies

Btoush, Rula; Campbell, Jacquelyn C.

doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2008.10.005

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Recruiting women who experience violence for research testing intervention effectiveness can be particularly challenging for ethical, safety, and scientific rigor reasons [33,34]. Women are often recruited through government services or community agencies, which requires attention to relationship building with the agency, ideally with some provision for reciprocity [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participant Recruitment and Engagement in Automated eHealth Trial Registration: Challenges and Opportunities for Recruiting Women Who Experience Violence

Koziol‐McLain¹,

McLean²,

Rohan³

et al. 2016

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundAutomated eHealth Web-based research trials offer people an accessible, confidential opportunity to engage in research that matters to them. eHealth trials may be particularly useful for sensitive issues when seeking health care may be accompanied by shame and mistrust. Yet little is known about people’s early engagement with eHealth trials, from recruitment to preintervention autoregistration processes. A recent randomized controlled trial that tested the effectiveness of an eHealth safety decision aid for New Zealand women in the general population who experienced intimate partner violence (isafe) provided the opportunity to examine recruitment and preintervention participant engagement with a fully automated Web-based registration process. The trial aimed to recruit 340 women within 24 months.ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to examine participant preintervention engagement and recruitment efficiency for the isafe trial, and to analyze dropout through the registration pathway, from recruitment to eligibility screening and consent, to completion of baseline measures.MethodsIn this case study, data collection sources included the trial recruitment log, Google Analytics reports, registration and program metadata, and costs. Analysis included a qualitative narrative of the recruitment experience and descriptive statistics of preintervention participant engagement and dropout rates. A Koyck model investigated the relationship between Web-based online marketing website advertisements (ads) and participant accrual.ResultsThe isafe trial was launched on September 17, 2012. Placement of ads in an online classified advertising platform increased the average number of recruited participants per month from 2 to 25. Over the 23-month recruitment period, the registration website recorded 4176 unique visitors. Among 1003 women meeting eligibility criteria, 51.55% (517) consented to participate; among the 501 women who enrolled (consented, validated, and randomized), 412 (82.2%) were accrued (completed baseline assessments). The majority (n=52, 58%) of the 89 women who dropped out between enrollment and accrual never logged in to the allocated isafe website. Of every 4 accrued women, 3 (314/412, 76.2%) identified the classified ad as their referral source, followed by friends and family (52/412, 12.6%). Women recruited through a friend or relative were more likely to self-identify as indigenous Māori and live in the highest-deprivation areas. Ads increased the accrual rate by a factor of 74 (95% CI 49–112).ConclusionsPrint advertisements, website links, and networking were costly and inefficient methods for recruiting participants to a Web-based eHealth trial. Researchers are advised to limit their recruitment efforts to Web-based online marketplace and classified advertising platforms, as in the isafe case, or to social media. Online classified advertising in “Jobs–Other–volunteers” successfully recruited a diverse sample of women experiencing intimate partner violence. Preintervention recruitment data provi...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participant Recruitment and Engagement in Automated eHealth Trial Registration: Challenges and Opportunities for Recruiting Women Who Experience Violence

Koziol‐McLain¹,

McLean²,

Rohan³

et al. 2016

J Med Internet Res

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“…This initial work focused on methods to safely contact women experiencing IPV for recruitment and follow-up during research studies and identified maintaining participant confidentiality as a key factor to address when developing study procedures. Investigators have continued to add to the safety protocols to promote safe and ethical conduct with IPV survivors (Btoush & Campbell, 2009; Ellsberg & Heise, 2005; Sullivan & Cain, 2004). Safety protocols often focus on contacting and interacting with women, confidentiality, mandatory reporting laws for IPV disclosures, and Certificates of Confidentiality (Btoush & Campbell, 2009; Parker & Ulrich, 1990; Sullivan & Cain, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Investigators have continued to add to the safety protocols to promote safe and ethical conduct with IPV survivors (Btoush & Campbell, 2009; Ellsberg & Heise, 2005; Sullivan & Cain, 2004). Safety protocols often focus on contacting and interacting with women, confidentiality, mandatory reporting laws for IPV disclosures, and Certificates of Confidentiality (Btoush & Campbell, 2009; Parker & Ulrich, 1990; Sullivan & Cain, 2004). Safety and ethical discussions often revolve around women’s autonomy in decision-making regarding not only their participation in research, but also how information will be shared as a result of voluntary or mandatory IPV reporting policies or laws (Btoush & Campbell, 2009; Fontes, 2004; Sullivan & Cain, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Conducting Clinically Based Intimate Partner Violence Research

2017

Self Cite

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Background Maintaining safety is of utmost importance during research involving participants who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). Limited guidance on safety protocols to protect participants is available, particularly information related to technology-based approaches to informed consent, data collection, and contacting participants during the course of a study. Purpose The purpose of the paper is to provide details on the safety protocol developed and utilized with women receiving care at an urban HIV clinic, and who were taking part in an observational study of IPV, mental health symptoms, and substance abuse and their relationship to HIV treatment adherence. The protocol presents the technological strategies to promote safety and allow autonomy in participant decision-making throughout the research process, including Voice over Internet Protocol telephone numbers, and tablet-based eligibility screening and data collection. Protocols for management of participants at risk for suicide and/or intimate partner homicide included automated high-risk messaging to participants and research staff and facilitated disclosure of risk to clinical staff based on participant preferences are discussed. Discussion Use of technology and partnership with clinic staff helped to provide an environment where research regarding IPV could be conducted without undue burden or risk to participants. Utilizing tablet-based survey administration provided multiple practical and safety benefits for participants. The majority of women who screened into high-risk categories for suicide or intimate partner homicide did not choose to have their results shared with their healthcare providers, indicating the importance of allowing participants control over information sharing whenever possible.

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“…M. Sullivan & Cain, 2004), but there is insufficient data available to guide researchers in determining how to safely and effectively conduct research with various populations and settings (Bliss, 2002; Btoush & Campbell, 2009; Oakes, 2002; Parrott, 2002). In fact, most researchers operate relatively independently with regard to human subjects protection measures (Oakes, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Methods for Assessing and Addressing Participant Protection Concerns in Intimate Partner Violence Research

Hellmuth

Leonard²

2013

Partner Abuse

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Research on intimate partner violence (IPV) is highly sensitive and may put some participants at increased psychological, emotional, and physical risk. Still, we know little about the risks posed by most social science methods and have minimal guidance regarding appropriate practices for carrying out various forms of research. This study collected data from 59 IPV researchers regarding the most commonly used participant protection methods, the efficacy of those methods, number and nature of adverse events (AE) experienced, and experiences with institutional review boards (IRBs). Participants were invited via e-mail to complete an anonymous online survey. Findings indicate an overall low incidence of AEs as well as a minimal relationship between AEs and IPV inquiry. These findings may provide researchers with preliminary data on the effectiveness of various participant protection methods. Results may also facilitate more innovative and effective participant protections measures, help researchers prevent and cope with AE, and create more mutually beneficial relationships with IRBs.

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Ethical conduct in intimate partner violence research: Challenges and strategies

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Participant Recruitment and Engagement in Automated eHealth Trial Registration: Challenges and Opportunities for Recruiting Women Who Experience Violence

Participant Recruitment and Engagement in Automated eHealth Trial Registration: Challenges and Opportunities for Recruiting Women Who Experience Violence

Conducting Clinically Based Intimate Partner Violence Research

Methods for Assessing and Addressing Participant Protection Concerns in Intimate Partner Violence Research

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