Ether polar lipids of methanogenic bacteria: structures, comparative aspects, and biosyntheses.

Koga, Yosuke; Nishihara, M; Morii, Hiroyuki; Akagawa-Matsushita, Masayo

doi:10.1128/mmbr.57.1.164-182.1993

Cited by 219 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…This variety could be used for a chemotaxonomy of methanogens. Sets of core lipids, polar head groups and glycolipid sugars were correlated to a family-level taxonomy of methanogens based on 16s rRNA [ 11,121. Methanopyrus kandleri is unique among methanogens because of the presence of only one core-lipid and the huge quantity of simple glycolipids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid analysis of Methanopyrus kandleri

Hafenbradl

1996

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Non-polar and polar lipids were isolated from Methano~yrus kandleri. Non-polar lipids accounted for 50% w/w of total lipids, with a high proportion of 2,3-di-0-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol, 2,3-di-0-phytanyl-sn-glycerol and geranylgeraniol. The core lipids prepared by mild acid methanolysis consisted exclusively of 2,3-di-0-phytanyl-sn-glycerol.Two-dimensional TLC showed mostly glycolipids, and minor amounts of aminophospholipids, phosphoglycolipids and phospholipids. The purification yielded three diglycosyl-lipids (50% of total polar lipids), one triglycosyl-lipid (5%) and six glycosyl-lipids with five glycosyl-groups (36%), which consisted of glucose, galactose and mannose. The lipid analysis supports the unique position of Methanopyrus kandleri within the 16s rRNA-based phylogenetic tree.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid analysis of Methanopyrus kandleri

Hafenbradl

1996

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…The terminology for archaeal tetraether lipids varies extensively. Use of the term here, caldarchaeol for the dibiphytanyl glyceroltetraether, as a corollary to the term archaeol, has been recommended (Koga et al ., 1993). GDGT (glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether) has more recently come into favour in the environmental literature, but refers broadly to alkyls and is not specific to the isoprenoid moiety.…”

Section: Lipid Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these halophiles are not commonly found below salinities of 2 M NaCl, growing optimally from 3-4 M (Kushner, 1993). Halophilic methanogenic archaea also provide potentially distinct lipid signatures (Tornabene et al ., 1979;Koga et al ., 1993;Risatti et al ., 1994) suitable for evaluating community composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid biomarker and phylogenetic analyses to reveal archaeal biodiversity and distribution in hypersaline microbial mat and underlying sediment

et al. 2008

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This study has utilized the tools of lipid biomarker chemistry and molecular phylogenetic analyses to assess the archaeal contribution to diversity and abundance within a microbial mat and underlying sediment from a hypersaline lagoon in Baja California. Based on abundance of ether-linked isoprenoids, archaea made up from 1 to 4% of the cell numbers throughout the upper 100 mm of mat and sediment core. Below this depth archaeal lipid was two times more abundant than bacterial. Archaeol was the primary archaeal lipid in all layers. Relatively small amounts of caldarchaeol (dibiphytanyl glyceroltetraether) were present at most depths with phytanyl to biphytanyl molar ratios lowest (approximately 10 : 1) in the 4-17 mm and 100-130 mm horizons, and highest (132 : 1) in the surface 0-2 mm. Lipids with cyclic biphytanyl cores were only detected below 100 mm. A novel polar lipid containing a C(30) isoprenoid (squalane) moiety was isolated from the upper anoxic portion of the core and partially characterized. Hydrocarbon biomarker lipids included pentamethylicosane (2-10 mm) and crocetane (primarily below 10 mm). Archaeal molecular diversity varied somewhat with depth. With the exception of samples at 0-2 mm and 35-65 mm, Thermoplasmatales of marine benthic group D dominated clone libraries. A significant number of phylotypes representing the Crenarchaeota from marine benthic group B were generally present below 17 mm and dominated the 35-65 mm sample. Halobacteriaceae family made up 80% of the clone library of the surface 2 mm, and consisted primarily of sequences affiliated with the haloalkaliphilic Natronomonas pharaonis.

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“…But the clear dominance of GDGT-0 in the other samples, including the one at 235.77 m where little amounts of other lipids were detected, suggests an additional source for this lipid. Thus, a third explanation for the dominance of GDGT-0 within the set of investigated archaeal lipids is a large contribution of methanogenic Archaea, which are known to contain high amounts of GDGT-0 in their membranes (Koga et al 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeabacterial lipids in drill core samples from the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana

Escala

Rosell‐Melé

Fietz

et al. 2008

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Abstract-Meteorite impacts are associated with locally profound effects for microorganisms living at the terrestrial surface and the subsurface of the impact zone. The Bosumtwi crater in Ghana (West Africa) is a relatively young (1.07 Myr) structure with a rim-to-rim diameter of about 10.5 km. In a preliminary study targeting the subsurface microbial life in the impact structure, seven samples of the impact breccia from the central uplift of the Bosumtwi crater were analyzed for the presence of typical archaeal membrane-lipids (GDGTs). These have been detected in four of the samples, at a maximum depth of 382 m below the lake surface, which is equivalent to 309 m below the surface sediment. The concentration of the GDGTs does not show a trend with depth, and their distribution is dominated by GDGT-0. Possible origins of these lipids could be related to the soils or rocks predating the impact event, the hydrothermal system generated after the impact, or due to more recent underground water transport.

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Ether polar lipids of methanogenic bacteria: structures, comparative aspects, and biosyntheses.

Cited by 219 publications

References 53 publications

Lipid analysis of Methanopyrus kandleri

Lipid analysis of Methanopyrus kandleri

Lipid biomarker and phylogenetic analyses to reveal archaeal biodiversity and distribution in hypersaline microbial mat and underlying sediment

Archaeabacterial lipids in drill core samples from the Bosumtwi impact structure, Ghana

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