Ethanolic fraction of Terminalia tomentosa attenuates biochemical and physiological derangements in diet induced obese rat model by regulating key lipid metabolizing enzymes and adipokines

Abstract

The prevalence of overweight-obesity and associated comorbidities have reached alarming levels necessitating the need to explore effective therapeutics. In the present work, we demonstrated the promising antiobesity activity of ethanolic fraction of Terminalia tomentosa bark (EFTT) in diet induced obese rat model. High Fat Diet (HFD)-fed obese rats were orally administered with EFTT (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight). Changes in body weight, body composition, bone mineral concentration, bone mineral density, plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, circulatory and tissue lipid profiles, and the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes, key lipid metabolic enzymes and mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), leptin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were assessed in experimental rats in the presence and absence of EFTT. At a dose of 200 mg/kg b.wt, EFTT has substantially attenuated body weight and related patho-physiological alterations in HFD-induced obese rats. These findings were correlated with histological observations of adipose tissue. The therapeutic activity of EFTT could be possibly through restoration of antioxidants status, regulation of key lipid metabolizing enzymes, expression of FAS, leptin, PPAR-γ and by synchronized control of energy metabolism in liver and adipose tissue.

Phytochemical and pharmacological facets of Terminalia tomentosa wight and Arn: An updated review

“…[24,25,26,27] 3.3. Phytoconstituents [22,24,25,27,30] Table 2 Phytoconstituents of Terminalia tomentosa…”

“…Many plants were reported for their biological potential as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and cardioprotective. [22,23] The selected plant, Terminalia tomentosa (Synonyms: Terminalia elliptica Willd, Terminalia alata Heyne ex Roth, Terminalia crenulata Roth, Terminalia coriacea (Roxb.) Wight & Arn, Terminalia ovata Rottler ex C.B.…”

“…ex Kurz) [24,25] is widely used in traditional medicine and is one of the paramount medicinal species from this genus. It is a giant tree found in deciduous forests & extensively dispersed in South East Asian countries [22] . It can be identified by its sissred & cracked bark and for this reason the plant is commonly called 'crocodile bark tree' [24,26] .…”

Evaluation of acute oral toxicity of ethanolic extract of Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.) stem bark in Swiss albino mice

“…of family Combretaceae, commonly known as or is a shrub widely Asan Ain distributed in the deciduous forest of India, Burma, and other South East Asian countries. Although limited, the reports available on its chemical constituents include polyphenolic compounds like Ellagic acid, Dimethyl ellagic acid, Dimethyl flavellagic acid and beta-sitosterol (Meriga et al 2017). Presence of 5-Aminovaleric acid, Thymin, Quercetin and Kynurenic acid have also been reported earlier (De Onis, Blössner, and Borghi 2010;Mopuri et al 2015).…”

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“…However, the plant has gained focus in the recent past owing to the works of some zealous groups which have characterized the spectrum of medicinal potential of its various constituents. Predominant among those are anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antidiarrhoeal activities 3,4 . The plethora of medicinal properties of the plant has been attributed largely to its rich phenolic content especially in the stem bark.…”