Ethanol with a mixed meal increases postprandial triacylglycerol but decreases postprandial non-esterified fatty acid concentrations

Fielding, Barbara A.; Reid, Guy; Grady, Michelle; Humphreys, Sandy M.; Evans, Kevin; Frayn, Keith N.

doi:10.1017/s0007114500000763

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Clearly, ethanol consumed with a meal elevates total plasma and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-triglycerides. In a recent study (Fielding et al, 2000) , the addition of 47.5 g of alcohol to a high-fat meal (54% of energy) was associated with approximately a 60% increase in the peak plasma triglycerides concentration as compared with a meal consumed without alcohol.…”

Section: Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As compared with a control test meal or another test meal, the studied component will be incorporated in the experimental test meal. This will make possible to evaluate the effect of the studied component on the amplitude and/or kinetics of the postprandial lipid response in subjects with normal metabolic homeostasis (Cara et al, 1992;Zampelas et al, 1994a, b;Murphy et al, 1995;Dubois et al, 1998;Roche et al, 1998a, b;Fielding et al, 2000;Harbis et al, 2001Harbis et al, , 2004van Wijk et al, 2001;Sauvant et al, 2003;Jackson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Aim Of Postprandial Lipaemia Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

2007

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Background: Postprandial lipid metabolism in humans has deserved much attention during the last two decades. Although fasting lipid and lipoprotein parameters reflect body homeostasis to some extent, the transient lipid and lipoprotein accumulation that occurs in the circulation after a fat-containing meal highlights the individual capacity to handle an acute fat input. An exacerbated postprandial accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the circulation has been associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Methods: The important number of studies published in this field raises the question of the methodology used for such postprandial studies, as reviewed. Results: Based on our experiences, the present review reports and discuss the numerous methodological issues involved to serve as a basis for further works. These aspects include aims of the postprandial tests, size and nutrient composition of the test meals and background diets, pre-test conditions, characteristics of subjects involved, timing of sampling, suitable markers of postprandial lipid metabolism and calculations. Conclusion: In conclusion, we stress the need for standardization of postprandial tests.

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Section: Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Aim Of Postprandial Lipaemia Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

2007

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“…The meal consisted of skimmed milk, cornflakes, bread, orange juice, low fat ham, and macadamia nuts. The latter have been used to trace the entry of dietary fat into the circulation due to their unusual fatty acid profile, that is, a high proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (Fielding et al, 2000). The composition of the meal for an 85-kg individual (the mean body mass of the participants) is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of prior exercise on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content

2004

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Objective: Prior exercise has been repeatedly shown to reduce lipemia after meals of exaggerated fat content (over 60% of total energy). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the same applies to meals closer to the composition of the typical Western diet and explore whether exercise affects the release of dietary fat into the bloodstream. Design: Randomized counterbalanced. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: Nine healthy young male volunteers. Intervention: Subjects consumed a meal of moderate fat content (35% of total energy, 0.66 g/kg body mass) 14 h after having either cycled for 1 h at 70-75% of maximal heart rate or rested. Macadamia nuts were used as the main source of dietary fat to trace its entry into the circulation because of their unusual fatty acid composition. Blood samples were drawn before the meal and for 8 h postprandially. Results: Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations and total area under the triacylglycerol concentration vs time curve (AUC) were significantly lower after exercise (P ¼ 0.001 and 0.003, respectively; effect size for the latter, 0.84). However, incremental (above baseline) AUC was not affected by exercise significantly. When controlling for differences in baseline plasma concentrations, only the fatty acids that were more abundant in the meal than in plasma triacylglycerols were decreased in the early postprandial period following exercise, implying either a suppressive effect of exercise on the rate of triacylglycerol release from the intestine or a more rapid chylomicron clearance after meal consumption. Conclusions: Exercise performed between 15 and 14 h before a meal of moderate fat content reduced postprandial lipemia, mainly by lowering fasting triacylglycerols. The effect of exercise on postprandial triacylglycerol metabolism may be mediated, at least in part, by attenuated release of dietary fat from the intestine.

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“…Desta forma, para a injeção sem divisão de fluxo, a eficiência de transferência dos analitos parece aumentar exponencialmente com o aumento do volume injetado até certo limite, quando a perda de analitos por ultrapassar a capacidade volumétrica do "liner" prevalece. (4,7,10,13,16,19)…”

Section: Estabelecimento Das Condições De Análise De áCidos Graxos Pounclassified

“…Dentre as vazões testadas (60, 80 e 120 mL/min), a vazão de 80 mL/ min no divisor de fluxo do injetor resultou em concentrações relativas 9,12); 8-18:3(6,9,12); 9-18:3(9,12,15); 10-20:0; 11-20:1(11); 12-20:3(8,11,14); 13-20:4(5,8,11,14) (4,7,10,13,16,19 (4,7,10,13,16,19)] massa molar. Os resíduos relativos para a vazão de 80 mL/min variaram até ±10% da referência para todos os EMAG, resultando em uma análise quantitativa satisfatória.…”

Section: Condições Cromatográficas: Vazão Da Purga Do Septo-10 Ml/unclassified

Análise de ácidos graxos não-esterificados de plasma humano por cromatografia gasosa capilar com injeção sem divisão de fluxo

Ney¹,

Torres²,

Trugo³

2004

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 3/6/03; aceito em 18/11/03; publicado na web em 27/05/04 ANALYSIS OF NON-ESTERIFIED FATTY ACIDS IN HUMAN PLASMA BY CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH SPLITLESS INJECTION. The aim of the present work was to test the combination of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) isolation using fumed silicon dioxide with capillary gas-chromatography (C-GC) with splitless injection for the analysis of NEFAs in human plasma. Injection volume, solvent re-condensation and split purge flow-rate were the parameters evaluated for the analysis of fatty acid methyl esters by C-GC. The use of a solvent re-condensation technique, associated with 1.0 µL injection and a split purge flow rate of 80 mL/min resulted in satisfactory analysis of NEFAs. Fourteen fatty acids were identified in plasma samples, ranging from 2.03 to 184.0 µmol/L. The combination of both techniques proved useful for routine analyses of plasma NEFAs.Keywords: non-esterified fatty acids; capillary gas-chromatography with splitless injection; fumed silicon dioxide. INTRODUÇÃOOs ácidos graxos desempenham importantes funções na fisiologia humana, tais como de substrato energético e na estrutura de membranas celulares 1 . Quando mobilizados do tecido adiposo, os ácidos graxos são transportados no plasma sanguíneo sob a forma não esterificada (ácidos graxos não-esterificados, AGNE), associados à albumina plasmática. Durante o jejum, o tecido adiposo sofre maior mobilização e os AGNE passam a ser o principal substrato energético para o organismo. Sua concentração plasmática total varia de 300 a 2000 µmol/L, no período alimentado e no jejum, respectivamente 1 . Para a determinação da composição dos AGNE é necessário primeiramente separá-los das demais classes de lipídios plasmáticos (triacilgliceróis, fosfolipídios, ésteres de colesterol, dentre outras). O método clássico usado para a separação das diferentes classes de lipídios é a cromatografia em camada delgada que, entretanto, apresenta algumas desvantagens, como elevado tempo de análise e potencial risco de oxidação dos ácidos graxos poli-insaturados 2 . Outros métodos de separação ou isolamento dos AGNE incluem a cromatografia em coluna 3 e a separação em cartuchos de extração em fase sólida 4 . Entretanto, o preparo das colunas é trabalhoso e a reprodutibilidade dos resultados é dependente da habilidade no seu preparo. Já os cartuchos de extração em fase sólida disponíveis comercialmente apresentam custo relativamente elevado para análises de rotina. No método descrito por Polette et al. 5, os AGNE são separados das demais classes de lipídios plasmáticos pelo uso do dióxido de silício fundido ("fumed silicon dioxide", DSF) como agente delipidante. Após agitação do plasma com o DSF, forma-se um gel denso no qual as lipoproteínas são aprisionadas, enquanto os AGNE associados à albumina plasmática permanecem em solução na fase aquosa, que é facilmente separada por centrifugação. Este método, além de ser relativamente rápido e de baixo custo, melhora a recuperação dos analitos, quando comparado à cromatografia em ...

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Ethanol with a mixed meal increases postprandial triacylglycerol but decreases postprandial non-esterified fatty acid concentrations

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

Effect of prior exercise on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content

Análise de ácidos graxos não-esterificados de plasma humano por cromatografia gasosa capilar com injeção sem divisão de fluxo

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