Ethanol vapor deactivation of gossypol in cottonseed meal

Hron, R. J.; Wan, Peter J.; Kuk, M. S.

doi:10.1007/bf02525465

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…With the proper treatment temperature and solvent used during the processing of CSM, the free gossypol contents of the CSM sources were relatively low, ranging from 214.30 to 395.05 mg/kg. The ethanol vapor used as a solvent could reduce free gossypol to a safe level in CSM for feeding as a general animal feed protein source ( Hron et al, 1996 ). Cooking temperature could aslo influence the free gossypol content in CSM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Energy Digestibility and Prediction of Digestible and Metabolizable Energy from Chemical Composition of Different Cottonseed Meal Sources Fed to Growing Pigs

Li¹,

Li²,

Zang³

et al. 2012

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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The present experiment was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) content, and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy in growing pigs fed diets containing one of ten cottonseed meals (CSM) collected from different provinces of China and to develop in vitro prediction equations for DE and ME content from chemical composition of the CSM samples. Twelve growing barrows with an initial body weight of 35.2±1.7 kg were allotted to two 6×6 Latin square designs, with six barrows and six periods and six diets for each. A corn-dehulled soybean meal diet was used as the basal diet, and the other ten diets were formulated with corn, dehulled soybean meal and 19.20% CSM. The DE, ME and ATTD of gross energy among different CSM sources varied largely and ranged from 1,856 to 2,730 kcal/kg dry matter (DM), 1,778 to 2,534 kcal/kg DM, and 42.08 to 60.47%, respectively. Several chemical parameters were identified to predict the DE and ME values of CSM, and the accuracy of prediction models were also tested. The best fit equations were: DE, kcal/kg DM = 670.14+31.12 CP+659.15 EE with R2 = 0.82, RSD = 172.02, p<0.05; and ME, kcal/kg DM = 843.98+25.03 CP+673.97 EE with R2 = 0.84, RSD = 144.79, p<0.05. These results indicate that DE, ME values and ATTD of gross energy varied substantially among different CSM sources, and that some prediction equations can be applied to predict DE and ME in CSM with an acceptable accuracy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Energy Digestibility and Prediction of Digestible and Metabolizable Energy from Chemical Composition of Different Cottonseed Meal Sources Fed to Growing Pigs

Li¹,

Li²,

Zang³

et al. 2012

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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“…High processing temperatures promote a reaction between free gossypol and free amino groups in the protein to form an indigestible complex (Baliga and Lyman 1957;Smith 1972). The ethanol used as a solvent could reduce free gossypol to a safe level in CSM for use as a general animal feed protein source (Hron et al 1996). In a current study, the CSM samples were processed with the proper treatment temperature and solvent, so the free gossypol contents of the CSM sources were relatively low, ranging from 147.61-474.48 mg/kg, which is closer to the value obtained from Husby and Kroening (1971), but is higher than the published value of LaRue et al (1985).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Csm Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition, energy content and amino acid digestibility in cottonseed meals fed to growing pigs

Shang

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Two experiments were conducted to determine the content of digestible energy (DE) and metabolisable energy (ME) as well as the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardised ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids in cottonseed meal (CSM) for growing pigs. In Experiment 1, 78 growing pigs (51.1 ± 4.2 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 13 diets, including a corn-soybean meal basal diet and 12 CSM test diets. In Experiment 2, 11 growing barrows (55.2 ± 4.1 kg) were allotted to 6 × 11 Youden square with 6 periods and 11 diets. The diets included a N-free diet and 10 CSM test diets. The chemical composition of CSM varied among samples. The DE and ME also differed (p < 0.05) among the 12 CSM samples. The AID and SID of CP varied largely (p < 0.05) and of indispensable amino acids (AA) except for the tryptophan and valine varied largely (p < 0.05) among CSM samples. The results of the experiments indicated that there are significant variabilities in the chemical composition, energy content and the SID and AID of CP and AA among the CSM samples.

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“…Two different approaches have emerged to eliminate or minimize adverse effects of gossypol in cottonseed. The first is the development of chemical, mechanical and thermic processes that remove or deactivate gossypol from the seed derivatives (Vix et al, 1971;Kadan et al, 1979;Rahma & Narasinga, 1984;Liadakis et al, 1993;Hron et al, 1996). Although these procedures are efficient, they increase the oil extraction cost and decrease the nutritional value of cottonseed products by reducing bioavailable lysine (Fisher et al, 1988).…”

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Baudoin

Hau

et al. 1999

Euphytica

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The objective of this work is to develop an upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. [2n = 4x = 52, 2(AD) h ], having a reduced level of gossypol in the seeds for food and feed uses, and a high level of gossypol in the remaining organs to limit pest incidence. Using G. sturtianum Willis (2n = 2x = 26, 2C 1 ) as donor and G. thurberi Torado (2n = 2x = 26, 2D 1 ) or G. raimondii Ulbrich (2n = 2x = 26, 2D 5 ) as bridge species, two trispecies hybrids G. thurberi-G. sturtianum-G. hirsutum and G. hirsutum-G. raimondii-G. sturtianum were synthesized. Both trispecies hybrids were male sterile. Recurrent backcrossing to G. hirsutum as pollinator and selfing of the second backcross (BC) progenies resulted in seeds which were rescued by in vitro culture. In total, 1208 flowers of the trispecies hybrids and their BC progenies yielded 192 seed embryos from which 62 plants were obtained. Cytogenetic analyses indicated a relatively high frequency of chromosome pairing and chiasmata. The gland levels in backcross seeds ranged from glandless seeds to normally glanded seeds. All vegetative parts of those hybrids were glanded, but a wide range of variability for gland density was observed on leaf, stem, bract and calyx. Plants derived from seeds having a reduced level of gossypol constitute very interesting germplasm to develop a cultivated glanded cotton with low-gossypol seeds.

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Ethanol vapor deactivation of gossypol in cottonseed meal

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of Energy Digestibility and Prediction of Digestible and Metabolizable Energy from Chemical Composition of Different Cottonseed Meal Sources Fed to Growing Pigs

Evaluation of Energy Digestibility and Prediction of Digestible and Metabolizable Energy from Chemical Composition of Different Cottonseed Meal Sources Fed to Growing Pigs

Chemical composition, energy content and amino acid digestibility in cottonseed meals fed to growing pigs

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