Ethanol tolerant precious metal free cathode catalyst for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells

Grimmer, Ilena; Zorn, Paul Johann; Weinberger, Stephan; Grimmer, Christoph; Pichler, Birgit Elvira; Cermenek, Bernd; Gebetsroither, Florian; Schenk, Alexander; Mautner, Franz-Andreas; Bitschnau, Brigitte; Hacker, Viktor

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.087

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media is a complicated mechanism which can be proceeded either via a direct four-electron pathway (Equation ( 5)) or the less efficient two-electron hydrogen peroxide pathway (Equation ( 6)), where HO 2 − is reduced in a second step (Equation ( 7)) [9,10].…”

Section: Base Cyclic Voltammograms Of the Ag-mnxoy/c Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the preparation of the working electrode, the catalyst powder was dispersed in a mixture of ultrapure water/ethanol absolute/Nafion 5 wt.% (49:49:2 v/v/v), resulting in a homogeneous black dispersion ("ink") after sonification for 30 min [9]. The RDE was polished using an Al 2 O 3 suspension and rinsed with water before each coating step.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-Pt catalyst alternatives have been extensively investigated in recent years [4,5], however, since Pt is restricted by major disadvantages, including very high costs, limited reserves in nature, durability issues, and its susceptibility to ethanol crossover. The research focuses partly on platinum-free metal catalysts, such as silver and its alloys, but mainly on doped carbons (especially graphene derivatives), transition metal oxides such as various perovskites, cobalt oxides, or manganese oxides, and on metal oxide/graphene composites [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ag-MnxOy on Graphene Oxide Derivatives as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

et al. 2022

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In this study, Ag-MnxOy/C composite catalysts deposited on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and, for the first time on N-doped graphene oxide (NGO), were prepared via a facile synthesis method. The influence of the carbon support material on the activity and stability of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and on the tolerance to ethanol in alkaline medium was focused and investigated. The physicochemical properties of the Ag-MnxOy/C catalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and thermogravimetric gas analysis (TGA). Electrochemical characterization was performed by rotating disk electrode (RDE) experiments. The results show that the active manganese species MnO2 was assembled as nanorods and nanospheres on rGO and NGO, respectively. Ag was assumed to be present as very small or amorphous particles. Similar redox processes for Ag-MnxOy/rGO and Ag-MnxOy/NGO were examined via cyclic voltammetry. The Ag-MnxOy/rGO resulted in a more negative diffusion limiting current density of −3.01 mA cm−2 compared to Ag-MnxOy/NGO. The onset potential of approximately 0.9 V vs. RHE and the favored 4-electron transfer pathway were independent of the support material. Ag-MnxOy/NGO exhibited a higher ORR stability, whereas Ag-MnxOy/rGO showed a better ethanol tolerance.

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Section: Base Cyclic Voltammograms Of the Ag-mnxoy/c Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ag-MnxOy on Graphene Oxide Derivatives as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

et al. 2022

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“…245 The electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in alkaline solution (pH 14) yields acetate as shown in Equation 34, where the E 0 value at pH 14 is À0.74 V versus SHE. 61,[246][247][248] The electrochemical oxidation of ethylene glycol in alkaline solution (pH 14) yields oxalic acid as shown in Equation 35, where the E 0 value at pH 14 is À0.69 V versus SHE. When an alcohol fuel cell consisting of an alkaline anion-exchange membrane, palladium anode, and platinum cathode was used with potassium hydroxide added to the fuel stream and oxygen was the oxidant, the maximum power densities of ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol at 60 C were 128 mW cm À2 , 117 mW cm À2 , and 78 mW cm À2 , respectively.…”

Section: Direct Methanol Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Liquid Solar Fuels and Their Use in Fuel Cells

Fukuzumi

2017

Joule

173

116

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This review focuses on the production of liquid fuels using solar energy combined with their use in direct liquid fuel cells. The production of formic acid, which is the two-electron reduced product of CO 2 , as a solar liquid fuel as well as a hydrogen storage material is discussed together with its use in direct formate fuel cells. Other CO 2 reduction products such as methanol and formaldehyde as solar liquid fuels as well as hydrogen storage materials are reviewed with the performance of the corresponding fuel cells. The production of nitrogen fixation products such as ammonia and hydrazine is also reviewed together with their fuel cells. Finally, the production of hydrogen peroxide from not only pure water but also seawater and dioxygen in the air using solar energy is discussed and combined with the recent development of one-compartment hydrogen peroxide fuel cells.

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“…One primary way to improve the performance of a DEFC is developing highly active electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation at the anode and oxygen reduction at the cathode. [ 11–14 ] For anode catalysts, although Pt‐based catalysts have been widely studied and seems irreplaceable in acidic media, [ 15–20 ] it has been proved that palladium possesses an even higher catalytic activity for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in an alkaline electrolyte than platinum. [ 21–28 ] Alloying Pd with other non‐noble metals can effectively cut down the atomic ratio of the precious one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)₃O₄ Cathode

Wang

Lin

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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As in many other electrochemical energy‐converting systems, the flexible direct ethanol fuel cells rely heavily on high‐performance catalysts with low noble metal contents and high tolerance to poisoning. In this work, a generic dealloying procedure to synthesize nanoporous multicomponent anodic and cathodic catalysts for the high‐performance ethanol fuel cells is reported. On the anode side, the nanoporous AlPdNiCuMo high‐entropy alloy exhibits an electrochemically active surface area of 88.53 m2 g−1Pd and a mass activity of 2.67 A mg−1Pd for the ethanol oxidation reaction. On the cathode side, the dealloyed spinel (AlMnCo)3O4 nanosheets with no noble metals demonstrate a comparable catalytic performance as the standard Pt/C for the oxygen reduction reaction, and tolerance to high concentrations of ethanol. Equipped with such anodic and cathodic catalysts, the flexible solid‐state ethanol fuel cell is able to deliver an ultra‐high energy density of 13.63 mWh cm−2 with only 3 mL ethanol, which is outstanding compared with other similar solid‐state energy devices. Moreover, the solid‐state ethanol fuel cell is highly flexible, durable and exhibits an inject‐and‐run function.

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Ethanol tolerant precious metal free cathode catalyst for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Ag-MnxOy on Graphene Oxide Derivatives as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Ag-MnxOy on Graphene Oxide Derivatives as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Production of Liquid Solar Fuels and Their Use in Fuel Cells

Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)₃O₄ Cathode

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Ethanol tolerant precious metal free cathode catalyst for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Ag-MnxOy on Graphene Oxide Derivatives as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Ag-MnxOy on Graphene Oxide Derivatives as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Production of Liquid Solar Fuels and Their Use in Fuel Cells

Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)3O4 Cathode

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Product

Resources

About

Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)₃O₄ Cathode