Ethanol-Related Gastric Mucosal Damage: Evidence of a Free Radical-Mediated Mechanism and Beneficial Effect of Oral Supplementation with Bionormalizer, a Novel Natural Antioxidant

Marotta, Francesco; Tajiri, Hisao; Safran, Patrick; Fesce, E; Ideo, G.

doi:10.1159/000007703

Cited by 52 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Acute treatment with ethanol increases oxidative stress, DNA damage, xanthine oxidase activity and malondialdehyde levels and decreases the total glutathione content in gastric mucosal cells (Marotta et al 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Antiulcerogenic activity of Indigofera truxillensis Kunth

et al. 2006

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Cola-Miranda, M; Barbastefano, V.; Hiruma-Lima, C.A.; Calvo, T.R.; Vilegas, W. and Brito, A.R.M.S. Antiulcerogenic activity of Indigofera truxillensis Kunth. Biota Neotrop. Sep/Dec 2006 vol. 6, no. 3 http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v6n3/ pt/abstract?article+bn01006032006 ISSN 1676-0611The genus Indigofera (Fabaceae) is used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal pain. In this study, we investigated the antiulcerogenic properties of Indigofera truxillensis Kunth. Oral administration of MeOH extract did not produce any signals of acute toxicity. The antiulcerogenic activity was assessed in different models of acute gastric ulcers (100% ethanol, piroxicam 30 mg.kg -1 , hypothermic restraint stress and pylorus ligature) in mice and rats. The animals were treated with the drugs lanzoprazole (30 mg.kg -1 ) or cimetidine (100 mg.kg -1 ) as positive controls depending on the performed model. In another experiment with ethanol-induced ulcers in rats, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a sulfhydryl group blocker, was also used. The MeOH extract, at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg.kg -1 , inhibited the gastric lesions in all experiments: a) by 62%, 69% and 32%, respectively, in piroxicam-induced lesions, b) by 43%, 71% and 98%, in ethanol-induced lesions, c) by 69%, 64 and 89%, in hypothermic-restraint stress-induced lesions, d) by 73%, 82% and 84%, in pylorus ligature lesions. Significant changes in the total gastric acid levels were also found after intraduodenal administration of the MeOH extract in the ligated pylorus model. Pre treatment with NEM reduced partially the antiulcerogenic activity of the MeOH extract in ethanolinduced gastric lesions. This result indicates an increase in the levels of non-protein sulfhydryl groups by MeOH extract in the gastric mucosa. These results indicate that the MeOH extract has antisecretory and citoprotective effects that may be related to the presence of flavonoids detected by phytochemical analysis. O gênero Indigofera (Fabaceae) é utilizado na medicina tradicional para distúrbios gastrintestinais. Em nosso trabalho foi investigada a propriedade antiulcerogênica da Indigofera truxillensis Kunth. A administração oral do extrato metanólico (MeOH) não produziu efeitos tóxicos. A atividade antiulcerogênica foi avaliada em diferentes modelos agudos de úlcera gástrica (etanol 100%, piroxicam 30 mg.kg -1 , estresse por retenção e frio e ligadura do piloro) em camundongos e ratos. Os animais foram tratados com lansoprazol (30 mg.kg -1 ) ou cimetidina (100 mg.kg -1 ), que foram utilizados como controle positivo dependendo do modelo testado. Em outro experimento com úlcera induzida por etanol em ratos, N-etilmaleimida (NEM), um bloqueador dos compostos sulfidríla, também foi utilizado. O extrato metanólico, nas doses de 250, 500 e 1000 mg.kg -1 , inibiu significativamente as lesões gástricas em todos os experimentos: a) 62%, 69% e 32%, respectivamente, nas lesões gástricas induzidas por piroxicam, b) 43%, 71% e 98%, nas lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol, c) 69%, 64% e 89%, nas lesões ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Antiulcerogenic activity of Indigofera truxillensis Kunth

et al. 2006

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“…In addition, it promotes the solubilization of mucus constituents in the stomach, resulting in a reduction in potential transmucosal difference, increasing Na+ and K+ flow to the lumen, pepsin secretion and H+ ions. Biochemically, it induces oxidative stress, increases xanthine oxidase activity and malondialdehyde levels, and decreases the total glutathione content in the gastric mucosa cells (Szabo and Vattay 1990;Marotta et al 1999). Indomethacin and other nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID) act by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis through cyclooxygenase-1 block and this phenomenon explains the ulcerogenic effect of the NSAIDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastroprotective activity of essential oil of the Syzygium aromaticum and its major component eugenol in different animal models

Santin

Lemos

Klein‐Júnior

et al. 2010

Naunyn-Schmied Arch Pharmacol

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Syzygium aromaticum, a medicinal plant commonly known as clove, is used to treat toothache, respiratory disorders, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders. From the flower buds of S. aromaticum, it is possible to obtain an essential oil comprised of a mixture of aliphatic and cyclic volatile terpenes and phenylpropanoids, being eugenol as the main component. The aims of this study were: (1) to extract the essential oil of the flower buds of S. aromaticum, (2) to identify and quantify the main component of the essential oil, and (3) to evaluate its antiulcer activity using different animal models. Assays were performed using the following protocols in rats: indomethacin-induced and ethanol/HCl-induced ulcer model. Both essential oils from S. aromaticum and eugenol displayed antiulcer activities in the rat models of indomethacin- and ethanol-induced ulcer. Studies focusing on the possible mechanisms of gastroprotection were also undertaken using the following experiments: evaluation of gastric secretion by the pylorus-ligated model, determination of mucus in gastric content, participation of nitric oxide (NO) and endogenous sulfhydryl in gastric protection. The results show that there was no significant effect on the volume of gastric juice and total acidity. However, the quantification of free gastric mucus showed that the clove oil and eugenol were capable of significantly enhancing mucus production. With regard to the NO and endogenous sulfhydryls, the results demonstrated that the gastroprotection induced by clove oil and eugenol are not related to the activities of the nitric oxide and endogenous sulfhydryls. No sign of toxicity was observed in the acute toxicity study. In conclusion, the results of this study show that essential oil of S. aromaticum, as well as its main component (eugenol), possesses antiulcer activity. The data suggest that the effectiveness of the essential oil and eugenol is based on its ability to stimulate the synthesis of mucus, an important gastroprotective factor. However, further pharmacological and toxicological investigations are required to enable its use for the treatment of gastric ulcer.

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“…Besides, it provokes reduction of gastric blood flow, the solubilization of components of the mucus of the stomach, induces oxidative stress, increased activity of xanthine oxidase, an increase in levels of malondialdehyde and decrease in levels of glutathione (Marrotta et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%