“…To improve the rate of enzyme hydrolysis and increase yields of fermentable sugars from carbohydrates, all kinds of pretreatment methods, such as dilute acid [9,10], steam explosion [11-14], lime [15], wet oxidation [7,16], AFEX [17-19], alkali [20-25], SPORL [26,27], organosol [6], microwave [28,29], ozone and LHW [30-32] have been developed. LHW pretreatment uses water as the thermal medium.…”