Ethanol‐induced redox imbalance in rat kidneys

Abstract

This study reports the effects of long-term ethanol consumption on kidney redox status, in terms of enzymatic mechanisms involved in regulating the cytosolic [NADH]/[NAD(+) ] balance. Wistar rats were treated with ethanol (2 g/kg body weight/24 h) via intragastric intubation for 10 and 30 weeks, respectively. Ethanol administration induced an enhancement of alcohol dehydrogenase activities and affected the capacity of the kidney to prevent NADH accumulation in the cytosol. After 10 weeks, the excess of NADH was balanced by increased activities of malate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase. In the event of a longer period of ethanol intake, the kidney was not able to balance the NADH excess, even though an increase in malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase activities was noted. The electrophoretic analysis of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase isoforms revealed differences between control and ethanol-treated animals. The results suggest that rat kidneys have a multicomponent metabolic response to the same daily dose of ethanol that functions to maintain the redox status and which varies with the length of the administration period.

Renoprotective effect ofCapsicum annumagainst ethanol‐induced oxidative stress and renal apoptosis

“…Increased level of creatinine signifies ethanol‐induced alteration in glomerulus filtration rate that might lead to a reduced rate of renal creatinine clearance as is observed by Ojeda, Barrero, Nogales, Murillo, and Carreras (2012). According to Nechifor and Dinu, (2011), the deleterious impacts of ethanol on kidney are due to the increased activities of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase. Recently, Shanmugam, Mallikarjuna, and Reddy (2011) have reported that ethanol‐induced oxidative stress causes a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzyme viz, catalase, and superoxide‐dismutase activities along with an increase in MDA in the kidney of the rats, which is in accordance to our observation.…”

“…According to Nechifor and Dinu, (2011), the deleterious impacts of ethanol on kidney are due to the increased activities of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase.…”