Ethanol as a Fuel Additive: High-Pressure Oxidation of Its Mixtures with Acetylene

Marrodán, Lorena; Fúster, Miguel Amores; Millera, Ángela; Bilbao, Rafael; Alzueta, María U.

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00920

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The influence of alcohol addition on the high-temperature as well as the low- and intermediate-temperature reactivity has been mainly studied for systems containing ethanol. ,− Other studies involve n -, iso-, and 2-butanol, , as well as n -propanol or methanol …”

Section: Impact Of Biofuel Addition On Hydrocarbon Fuel Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Influence of Oxygenated Additives on the Combustion Chemistry of Hydrocarbons

et al. 2021

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This review summarizes the chemical impact of oxygenated additives on the combustion chemistry of hydrocarbons. Experimental studies in shock tubes, rapid compression machines, jet-stirred reactors, flow reactors, and premixed flames are summarized for additions of ethers, alcohols, esters, and other oxygenates to hydrocarbon fuels. Special emphasis is on the ignition behavior at low and high temperatures and on how molecule-specific intermediate chemistry impacts pollutant emissions by the addition of oxygenated components to hydrocarbon fuels. The literature work indicates that at high temperatures, i.e., in flames, the combustion chemistry of the oxygenate/hydrocarbon can be accurately modeled by merging the individual's submechanisms, excluding cross reactions. The observed trend in the intermediate species pool is largely due to a replacement effect, which describes a linear dependence of the intermediate concentration on the mixture composition. At low-temperatures, the chemistry is slightly more complex because of the fuel-specific reactivity in this temperature range. It was shown that unreactive fuels can undergo low-temperature oxidation processes when a highly reactive fuel component is present. As such, the sensitivities of specific reactions on ignition delay times varies.

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Section: Impact Of Biofuel Addition On Hydrocarbon Fuel Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Influence of Oxygenated Additives on the Combustion Chemistry of Hydrocarbons

et al. 2021

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“…Other recent studies including subsets for CH 4 conversion in their mechanisms, such as the works of Alzueta et al [41] and Marrodán et al [32,33], used the expression of Yu et al [55], but these values appear to be too slow to describe the neat oxidation of CH 4 under the current experimental conditions. Also, the parameters proposed by Fernandes et al [58] have been used in different woks [e.g.…”

Section: Ch 3 + H 2 S ⇌ Ch 4 + Sh (R17)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At intermediate temperatures and high pressures, formation of peroxyl radicals may be significant [e.g. 24,32,33]. Actually, at low temperatures and high pressures (e.g.…”

Section: Ch 3 + H 2 S ⇌ Ch 4 + Sh (R17)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, this work addresses the conversion of CH 4 /H 2 S mixtures at different pressures, from atmospheric to 41 bar, analyzing the influence of temperature (500-1050 K) and for different oxygen concentrations, which results in different stoichiometry conditions, both global and/or individual for either CH 4 and H 2 S. The study includes both experiments performed in two different tubular flow reactors, which have been used in different works [29][30][31][32][33][34], and a kinetic modeling study for analyzing the conversion of the CH 4 /H 2 S mixtures considered. These results would be useful for analyzing the conventional combustion of natural sour gas, but also for the combustion of biogas [19], the Claus process [35] or oxy-combustion of the sour gas [13][14][15]36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the conversion of CH4/H2S mixtures at different pressures

Colom-Díaz

Leciñena

Peláez

et al. 2020

Fuel

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Due to the different scenarios where sour gas is present, its composition can be different and, therefore, it can be exploited through different processes, being combustion one of them. In this context, this work deals with the oxidation of CH 4 and H 2 S at different pressures and under a wide variety of conditions. The oxidation has been evaluated experimentally in two different flow reactor setups , one working at atmospheric pressure and another one operating from atmospheric to high pressures (40 bar). Different CH 4 /H 2 S mixtures have been tested, together with different oxygen concentrations and in the temperature range of 500-1400 K. The experimental results obtained show that the oxidation of the CH 4 /H 2 S mixtures is shifted to lower temperatures as pressure increases, obtaining the same trends at atmospheric pressure in both experimental setups. H 2 S oxidation occurs prior to CH 4 oxidation at all conditions, providing radicals to the system that promote CH 4 oxidation to lower temperatures (compared to neat CH 4 oxidation). This effect is more relevant as pressure increases. H 2 S oxidation is inhibited by CH 4 at atmospheric pressure, being more noticeable when the CH 4 /H 2 S ratio is higher. At higher pressures, the H 2 S conversion occurs similarly in the absence or presence of CH 4. The experimental results have been modeled with an updated kinetic model from previous works from the literature, which, in general, matches well the experimental trends, while some discrepancies between experimental and modeling results at atmospheric pressure and 40 bar are found in the conversion of H 2 S and CH 4 .

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“…Usually, different types of deposits are present in an engine simultaneously and formed due to various factors. As a consequence, operational parameters of the engine are disturbed to a large extent by the total effect of the deposits [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Hard deposits on inlet valves and in combustion chambers limit airflow and change the pattern of the airflow turbulence in cylinders, disturbing the processes of blend formation and its combustion in the engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Impact of the Composition of Ethanol Fuel Deposit Control Additives on Their Effectiveness

et al. 2021

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An increasing percentage of ethanol in fuel leads to significant changes in polarity and solubility, which makes conventional gasoline deposit control additives (DCAs) difficult to dissolve in ethanol fuels, resulting in the formation of deposits on engine elements. Critical areas of deposit formation in an engine are constituted by inlet valves, combustion chambers, and fuel injectors. As a consequence, operational parameters of the engine are disturbed to a large extent by the total effect of the deposits. To prevent the aforementioned phenomena, in the operation of engines fueled with ethanol-containing blends, it is necessary to use specifically prepared DCAs. The paper briefly presents a process of development of DCAs dedicated to high-ethanol fuels. Each of the prepared DCA formulations contained a substance having detergent-emulsifying properties (referred to in the text as DEM), a carrier oil, and a solvent. The composition and ratios of components used in the DCA, by testing their effectiveness in engine deposit formation, are verified. A motor station and a test procedure developed for this purpose were used. In search of alternative solutions to conventional polyisobutyleneamines (PIBA) and polyetheramines (PEA) surfactants, which have good solubility in hydrocarbons but not in ethanol, a substance with a benzoxazine structure and a Mannich base were synthesized. Their chemical structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) DCAs were developed, and the effectiveness of their action was verified. Moreover, attention was paid to the dosage level of the DEM and the carrier oil in the DCA. Finally, it was confirmed in the studies carried out that DCAs used for improvement of conventional hydrocarbon engine gasolines are not efficient enough when used in E85 fuels. In the case of the latter, DCAs that have been specifically developed for such fuels should be used, because they have a different chemical structure, and are soluble in the ethanol-gasoline mixture in any ratio of both components.

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Ethanol as a Fuel Additive: High-Pressure Oxidation of Its Mixtures with Acetylene

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Review of the Influence of Oxygenated Additives on the Combustion Chemistry of Hydrocarbons

Review of the Influence of Oxygenated Additives on the Combustion Chemistry of Hydrocarbons

Study of the conversion of CH4/H2S mixtures at different pressures

Investigation into the Impact of the Composition of Ethanol Fuel Deposit Control Additives on Their Effectiveness

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