Ethane and ethylene formation by mitochondria as indication of aerobic lipid degradation in response to wounding of plant tissue

Konze, Jörg R.; Elstner, E. F.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(78)90195-9

Cited by 71 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is to be expected that such ACC-independent ethylene releases are derived from peroxidative breakdown but the precise characteristics of this process remains unclear. Evidence using model in vitro systems suggests that both ethane and ethylene may be produced from the oxidation of linolenate (12,16). Our recent studies have revealed that acid-stressed brown spruce needles provide a highly suitable, reproducible and convenient experimental system to study the details of this ACC-independent ethylene production and to test this and other possibilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Ethylene Emissions from Red and Norway Spruce Exposed to Acidic Mists

Chen

Wellburn²

1989

Plant Physiol.

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Acidic cloudwater is believed to cause needle injury and to decrease winter hardiness in conifers. During simulations of these adverse conditions, rates of ethylene emissions from and levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in both red and Norway spruce needles increased as a result of treatment with acidic mists but amounts of 1-malonyl(amino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid remained unchanged. However, release of significant quantities of ethylene by another mechanism independent of ACC was also detected from brown needles. Application of exogenous plant growth regulators such as auxin, kinetin, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid (each 0.1 millimolar) had no obvious effects on the rates of basal or stress ethylene production from Norway spruce needles. The kinetics of ethylene formation by acidic mist-stressed needles suggest that there is no active inhibitive mechanism in spruce to prevent stress ethylene being released once ACC has been formed.Environmental stresses, such as wounding, chilling, air pollution, drought, infection by fungi or insect attack, are all known to induce the formation of stress ethylene. This gas may be derived from methionine, via S-adenosylmethionine and l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC') as shown below. Synthesis of ACC is the key regulatory step and 1-malonyl(amino)cyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (MACC) is formed as a side reaction (2,3,36). During the wilting of wheat leaves, for example, there is a sharp rise followed by a decline in the levels of endogenous ACC and the rates of production of ethylene, although the levels of MACC rise and remain high throughout wilting (9). Similar changes in the rates of ethylene emission and levels of ACC and MACC have been reported in S02-fumigated wheat seedlings (18). The rapid decline of ACC levels and consequential fall in ethylene production in both cases can be attributed, in part, to the efficient conjugation of ACC to MACC. Thus, the malonylation of ACC has been suggested (9, 36) to be a regulative EFE

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Ethylene Emissions from Red and Norway Spruce Exposed to Acidic Mists

Chen

Wellburn²

1989

Plant Physiol.

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“…Furthermore, it is very easily detectable by head space gas chromatography. It is one of the products of radical induced linolenic acid (C18:3) degradation (Konze & Elstner 1978). Ethylene is usually formed from its precursor ACC in the presence of oxygen but also by lipid peroxidation (Bousquet & Thimann 1983).…”

Section: Post-anoxic Effects On Plant Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of plant behaviour under anoxia and post-anoxia

Pfister-Sieber

Brändle

1994

Proc., Sect. B Biol. sci.

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SynopsisAll plants are able to survive anoxic periods, but the degree of tolerance shows large variation. The main injuries related to anoxia are eventually due to changes in energy metabolism. Low energy charge values indicate a cessation of many ATP consuming processes. Sugar starvation, lactic acid fermentation and proton release from leaky vacuoles are responsible for cell death. Long-term anoxia tolerance is dependent on storage products in the vicinity of sinks, on an adequate control of glycolysis, synthesis of essential proteins, and stability of membranes and organelles. However, no fundamental differences between the metabolic pathways of tolerant and non-tolerant tissues are known. It is rather a question of minor changes and the regulation of anaerobic metabolism.Re-exposure of anoxic tissues to air may even be more detrimental than anoxia itself. These injuries are mainly due to enhanced radical generation. Lipid peroxidation processes lead to membrane damage, disintegration, and leakage of solutes. Under natural conditions plants are equipped with radicaldetoxifying systems (SOD, peroxidases and antioxidants). Natural detoxifying systems can be reduced in non-adapted plants under anoxia and they become more sensitive to post-anoxic damage. In addition, the rapid conversion of ethanol to extremely toxic acetaldehyde seems to be a cause of tissue injury and death.

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“…Other studies indicated that ethane production is a common response to wounding (8,10), and simultaneous measurement of stress ethylene and ethane may be of considerable use in evaluating plant stress. Ethane evolution is the result of free-radical-mediated peroxidation of membrane linolenic acids and apparently occurs because free-radical scavenging mechanisms are overcome when cells are decompartmented (6,7,10). Bressan et al (2) and Peiser and Yang (12) reported that ethane is evolved from S02-stressed plants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethylene, Ethane, Acetaldehyde, and Ethanol Production By Plants under Stress

Kimmerer¹,

Kozlowski²

1982

Plant Physiol.

386

204

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Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and paper birch (Betulapapyrafera Marsh.) seedlings exposed to sulfur dioxide produced acetaldehyde and ethanol, and exhibited increased production of ethylene and ethane. Gas chromatographic measurement of head space gas from incubation tubes containing leaves or seedlings was a simple method of simultaneously measuring all four compounds. Increased ethylene production had two phases, a moderate increase from the gnnng of the stress period and a large increase just prior to appearance of leaf lesions. Ethane production in SO2-stressed plants did not

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Ethane and ethylene formation by mitochondria as indication of aerobic lipid degradation in response to wounding of plant tissue

Cited by 71 publications

References 29 publications

Enhanced Ethylene Emissions from Red and Norway Spruce Exposed to Acidic Mists

Enhanced Ethylene Emissions from Red and Norway Spruce Exposed to Acidic Mists

Aspects of plant behaviour under anoxia and post-anoxia

Ethylene, Ethane, Acetaldehyde, and Ethanol Production By Plants under Stress

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