Etching of a low‐density polyethylene film by fuming nitric acid

Bag, Dibyendu S.; Kumar, Vidyapati; Maiti, Sukumar

doi:10.1002/apmc.1997.052490103

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The physical method generally involves mechanical abrasion to generate more surface roughness, therefore enhancing mechanical interlocking with the adhesive [25,26]. Meanwhile, a wide variety of surface chemical modification methods such as chemical etching [27][28][29][30][31], flame treatment [32], plasma treatment [29], and UV exposure [33] have also been reported to introduce polar functional groups onto the surface and to increase the surface tension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of meltdown temperature of lithium-ion battery separator using electrospun polyethersulfone membranes

Liu

Hsiao

et al. 2016

Polymer

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Polyethersulfone (PES) electrospun nanofibrous membranes have been prepared and deposited on both sides of a microporous polyethylene (PE) substrate to fabricate a nanocomposite separator, which exhibits a high meltdown temperature (MDT) to prevent the thermal runaway within the battery under the condition of overcharging or abuse. To improve adhesion to electrospun PES nanofibrous membranes, the PE substrate with low surface energy and hydrophobic nature was etched with chromic acid and characterized with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques as well as the water contact angle test. Compared to the original film, the modified PE substrate showed a nearly 10-times increase in adhesive strength to the electrospun PES membrane. The morphology of the electrospun PES membrane, controlled by different electrospinning flow rates, was also demonstrated to have a substantial impact on adhesion, where a 5-fold increase of the adhesive strength was observed when the flow rate increased from 20 µL/min to 60 µL/min. The composite PES/PE/PES separator, structured as a PE substrate sandwiched in 2 electrospun PES membranes, maintained the low shutdown temperature (SDT) of 131°C but achieved a significantly higher MDT of 221°C. Furthermore, the high porosity of the electrospun PES membrane ensured that the air permeability of the separator was not sacrificed when compared with the original PE separator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of meltdown temperature of lithium-ion battery separator using electrospun polyethersulfone membranes

Liu

Hsiao

et al. 2016

Polymer

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“…But there was no improvement in adhesion property of the etched films. The scratch/nail hardness of such FNA treated LDPE films was found to be zero 15. This might be due to the low level of introduction of functional groups on the surface, or the nitrogen containing functional groups are not polar enough for printing by Brightflex Blue 20.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, longer exposure reduces mechanical properties of these laminates 16. LDPE films treated at 60°C for 30 min with fuming nitric acid do not show reduction in mechanical strength 15. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers on treatment with fuming nitric acid at 70°C for 30 min were reported to show lowering of mechanical strength due to chain degradation 14.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical modification of LDPE film

Bag

Kumar

Maiti

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film was chemically modified by chromic acid treatment to generate polar groups on the surface. The film samples were etched by chromic acid with variation of temperature at a constant time (30 min) and variation of time at a constant temperature (room temperature ϭ 26°C). The variation of weight and thickness of the film samples before and after etching was measured. The surface morphology of the etched films was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). IR and XPS analysis revealed the introduction of polar groups like OCOOH, ͘CAO, OSO 3 H on the etched LDPE film surface, which exhibited improved printability. Etching also enhanced adhesion with epoxy resin. The mechanical properties of the laminates of the two specimens of the same film sample with epoxy resin were also measured.

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“…Chemical methods consist of reactions such as halogenation, etching, grafting, oxidation, cross-linking, etc. [16][17][18][19]. Physical methods include corona discharge, plasma, electron and ion beam treatments and flame and laser treatments [20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion of Vulcanized Rubber Surfaces: Characterization of Unmodified and Electron Beam Modified EPDM Surfaces and Their Co-vulcanization with Natural Rubber

Basak

Bandyopadhyay

Bharadwaj

et al. 2009

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology

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Peel adhesion behavior of unmodified and modified ethylene propylene diene methylene (EPDM) vulcanizates covulcanized with gum natural rubber (NR) is reported in this paper. Modification of the vulcanizate surface has been carried out by electron beam (EB) irradiation with or without EB sensitizers such as trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) and tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA). The doses of both EB and TMPTA/TPGDA have been varied in separate experiments keeping one of them constant. The surface features have been analyzed using several analytical techniques like attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray sulphur mapping, surface energy measurements, free sulphur and gel content analysis. In comparison to its unmodified EPDM vulcanizate counterpart, 100 kGy modified EPDM vulcanizate in presence of 10 wt% TMPTA shows a maximum increase in O/C ratio value from 0.01 to 0.14. High energy irradiation leads to oxidation, grafting, breakdown of cross-links and blooming, which have been quantified. The joint strength of the modified and unmodified vulcanized EPDMs with gum NR has been tested at room temperature and is found to be a strong function of the nature and extent of the modification and surface roughness. The 10 wt% TMPTA soaked EPDM vulcanizate irradiated at 100 kGy has shown the highest peel strength (71% over that of the untreated sample) among all the samples. Figure 13. SEM micrographs of EPDM vulcanizate (a), (b) before and after peel of EP 0/0 (c), (d) before and after peel of EP 20 kGy/0 samples.

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Etching of a low‐density polyethylene film by fuming nitric acid

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Improvement of meltdown temperature of lithium-ion battery separator using electrospun polyethersulfone membranes

Improvement of meltdown temperature of lithium-ion battery separator using electrospun polyethersulfone membranes

Chemical modification of LDPE film

Adhesion of Vulcanized Rubber Surfaces: Characterization of Unmodified and Electron Beam Modified EPDM Surfaces and Their Co-vulcanization with Natural Rubber

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